HomeMy WebLinkAbout1996-01-25 Council Packet - Work Session Town Hall MeetingCITY OF KENAI
210 FIDALGO AVE., SUITE 200 KENAI, ALASKA 99611-7794
TELEPHONE 907-283-7535
FAX 907-283-3014 ~
1992
MEMORANDUM
TO:
FROM:
DATE:
RE:
Commission, Committee and Board Members
City of Kenai
John J. Williams, May~'"
City of Kenai
December 19, 1995
TOWN HALL MEETING
City of Kenai
The Kenai City Council has scheduled a Town Hall Meeting for 7:00 p.m. on January 25,
1996. The meeting will be held at the Kenai Senior Center.
The purpose of the Town Hall Meeting is to listen to and discuss long-range fiscal
planning for the State with local legislators (via teleconference call) and representatives
from the State's Long Range Financial Planning Commission.
Council invites you and members of the public to attend the meeting and offer any
comments you may have. After listening to the concerns of the public, Council plans to
draft a resolution supporting the concerns which the community feels strongly about.
After action on the resolution, it will be forwarded to the Commission and our area
legislators.
JW/clf
December 19, 1995
CITY OF KENAI
210 FIDALGO AVE., SUITE 200 KENAI, ALASKA 99611-7794
TELEPHONE 907-283-7535
FAX 907-283-3014 ~
1992
Judy Brady, Vice Chair
State Long-Range Financial
Planning Commission
716 West Fourth Avenue, Suite 470
Anchorage, AK 99501
RE:
TOWN H/ILL MEETING
City of Kenai
The Kenai City Council has scheduled a town hall meeting for January 25, 1996 which
will be held at the Kenai Senior Center beginning at 7:00 p.m. The main topic to be
discussed will be the State's long-range financial planning, recommendations of the
Commission, and expected effects from those efforts to dose the fiscal gap. After
hearing the concerns of the audience, Council plans to draft a resolution supporting
concerns which the community feels strongly about. After action on the resolution, it
will be forwarded to the Commission and our area legislators.
We invite you and other representatives from your office to join us at the meeting. We
hope you and others will speak to the audience, updating us on the Financial Planning
Commission's findings and recommendations.
We also request 200 copies of the publication, An Endowment for Alaska's Future, The
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report be forwarded to this office. We
plan to have them available for the public at the meeting.
We look forward to hearing from you.
CITY OF KENAI
System of Sustainable State Spending
How government is financed in Alaska
· The State enloys an endowment composed of the revenue from the sale and taxation of
natural resources, and of the income from the investment of that revenue.~
· A substantial part of-the endowment is available for appropriation.2
A problem
· The size of the spendable part of the endowment varies considerably because of the short
and long-term fluctuation of the natural resource revenue that feeds it.
· When that part of the endowment expands, the Legislature spends freely from it.
· When it shrinJcs, the spending can't be continued at tt~e accustomed level.
· Then state programs are curtailed.
· And the economy, which in Alaska is dependent on continuous state spending, suffers.3
The remedy
· Replace the present system with one under which the Legislature would have to spend
from the endowment at a sustainable rate?
A proposed system
· The endowment is formalized.~
· It is invested for long-term capital appreciation.
· Every year, the amount that it's expected to grow, from investment only, is spent.6
· That rate of spending is the highest sustainable.?
reverse/
! That's what the federal government intended when it gave the natural resources to the State. It was
unde~tood that. in ~dition to the t~xing power that every state has. Alaska would need wealth to pay for
government. Several funds embody the endowment, which ha~ not been formalized: the Budget Reserve
Fund. the Earn in gs Reset'ye Account. the Alaska Permnnent Fund and the C,~nern~ F~nd.
2 The part that is not available for approprin~.ion is the Alaska Permanent Fund,
~) Spending wa~ cut in 19~6. The economy collapsed.
'~ In this outline, rate of spending is amount spent per year. The rate is sustainable if it's ren.~onable to
expect that it generally won't decrease, in real (inflation-adjusted) terms.
5 That would define na~,ural resource revenue, put all of the endowment's a.~et~ into a single fund {the
Alaska Permanent Fund) and generally prohibit appropriation from the endowment
6 The amount of expected growth from investment is a function of a fixed rate of real growth from
investment and value of the endowment. A fixed rate of real growth from investment is determined by
assuming a ra~ of toutl return on investment and a rate of infla~.ion. Value of the endowment is the
average of its market value at the end of each of a prescribed number of preceding calendar periods.
7 Highest. bec~us~ spending more thn.n th· re~l growth eXl~cted fr~m inv·stm·nt could make th·
~endowment too dependent on fluctua~,ing natural resource revenue. SustaJ.nable, because it's reasonable to
expect that the size of the endowment, as ~v·rn~ed, g~n~rally won't decrease, in real terms. (In a giv·n
year the size of the endowment would decrease, ~t least in real terms, if the real growth from investment
were le~ than the amount spent and if that year's n~turn, I resource revenue didn't make up the
difference.)
The principal advantage of the proposed system
· It is much less likely that periodic curtailment ol' state programs, and the resulting
economic busts, would occur.
Another advantage
· A meaningful budget becomes feasible, because during the budgetary process the
Legislature would know how much money is available for spending,s
Transition
· During a period of many years the rate of spending from the endowment would be
gradually decreased, at least in inflation-adjusted terms, to the rate that is the highest
sustainable.9
· The length of the period would be determined with the objective of providing the most
moneT' for spending and yet allowing the endowment to increase in size.l0
I mple mentation
· The proposed system and transition require a constitutional amendment. Il
Obstacles to implementation
· The temotation to keet) on s~endint from the endowment at an unsustainable rate rather
than face the cuts that adot)tion ~)f the ~)ro~os(~d system would entail.la
· The misconception that the proposed system would eliminate the dividend program. IS
Roger Cremo- 1/1/96
8 Except for what comes from sources outside the endowment, but that's easy to forecast.
9 A transition is necessary because the current rate of spending is much greater than what is sustainable.
not only in terms of the spendable part but of the entire endowment.
l0 Incongruously. a determination of the length of the transitional period must be based, in part. on the
official forecast of natural resource revenue.
11 Constitutional amendments s. re proposed by the Legislature nad approved by the people
12 Nominally. the cuts would be shallow (if revenue from sources outside the endowment is modestly
incrensed and the transitional period is not too short).. In real terms they would be deep. However. unlike
the devastatingly abrupt cuts that might occur under the present system, they would be gradual.
1:) That program, like other governmental programs, is not constitutionally protected. Both now and under
whst's prnpo~d, it is for the Lesisls~ure to decid~ whether to continu· it Under the prol~osed system.
howe,'er, it may have a better chance of sureiving cuts in spending.
Present System of State Spending
I
I
IPermanent Fund
Earni rigs Reserve Acount
Buret
Reserve
Fund General Fund
unsustainable income
unsustaineble spending
System of Sustainable State Spending
Natural Resources
People
Endowment
Permanent Fund
sustainable income
.-~
IGeneral Fund
sustainable spending
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF ALASKA
fpropo.eed amendment./
ARTICLE IX. SECTION 15 - ALASKA PERMANENT FUND
(a} Eevenue derived by the State
(1) From the disposition, by the State or the United States, of land, minerals, forestial
resources or biological marine resources; and
(2) from taxes
(A) on the reservation, production, transportation or processing of those natural
resources; and
(B) on property used in, or corporate income from, the exploration, production,
transportation or processing of those natural resources; and
(3) from claims, against the United States or others, for deprivation of that revenue, or that
land or those natural resources
constitutes the Alaska Permanent Fund, which is invested and reinvested for long-term capital
appreciation. Investment income, including realized capital appreciation, is retained in the fund
and reinvested. Investments are made in accordance with standards prescribed by law.
(b) Money in the fund cannot be appropriated. Every fiscal year an amount equal to ~
percent of the average of the fund's market value at the end of each of the quarters of the
calendar years immediately preceding is permanently withdrawn from the fund and
is appropriable.
(c) Oil, gas, coal, sand, gravel, stone and water are considered to be among the minerals that are
the subject of (a).
ARTICLE XV. SECTION 29 - ALASKA PERMANENT FUND TRANSITION
(a) The percentage prescribed in Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, for determining
the amount of money withdrawn annually l'rom the Alaska Permanent Fund, is inapplicable in
fiscal years 1998 through 20 . In the first year of that period the applicable percentage is
It decreases each fiscal year thereafter, geometrically, until the first year
after that period, when it attains its permanent value.
(b) The assets of the Budget Reserve Fund (Article IX, Section 17) and the Earnings Reserve
Account {AS 37.13.145) are added to the fund on the effective date of this section. For the
purpose of determining the average of the fund's market value, as required by Article IX,
Section 15, as amended in 1996. those assets are treated as if they had been added to the fund
three years before the period in (a).
(c) In addition to the revenue and investment income described in Article IX, Section 15, as
amended in 1996. the fund consists of the assets carried on its books on the effective date of
this section and the assets added by (b).
(d) Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, does not affect other dedications permitted by
Section 7 of that article. ~
(e) Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, and this section are effec~e July 1, 1997.
ARTICLE XV. SECTION 30 - REPEAL
Article IX, Sections 16 & 17, and Article XV, Sections 27 & 28 are repealed. This section is
effective July 1. 1997.
0~--~0~0~~00000000000~
~~ooooooooooo~ooooooooooooo
~ndowment
Notes
~ The State has an endowment, which presently contains the natural
resource revenue and investment income that have accumulated in various funds,
principally the Alaska Permanent Fund, the Earnings Reserve Account and the
Budget Reserve Fund. In the proposed system the endowment is housed in the
Alaska Permanent Fund, to which the contents of the other funds ("reserves") are
transferred at the beginning of fiscal 1998. For the purpose of determining the
endowment's value in and after 1998 (see "Value of the endowment"), the
transfers are treated here as if they had been made in 1995. In the future, all
natural resource revenue is added to the endowment and all investment income
remains in the endowment.
Assinned values. The values assigned here to transitional withdrawal rates, length
of the transition, final withdrawal rate, rate of total return and rate of inflation
should be taken as illustrative only. Thus, for example, the system will work
whether the final withdrawal rnte is six percent or five percent.
Value of the endowment. The average market value of the endowment at the end
of a prescribed number of preceding calendar periods (here three fiscal years) is
the basis for determining the amount that is withdrawn from it for spending. Since
the Permanent Fund Corporation does not report market projections, it is assumed
that the unrealized appreciation component ($1.7 billion) of the Alaska Permanent
Fund's -ealue at the end of fiscal 1995 will not change throughout the three-year
period before fiscal 1998.
Natural resource revenue. The natural resource revenue is deposited into the
endowment when it is received (here each year's receipts are treated as if they are
deposited at the beginning of the year). Projections for the years after 2015 are
based on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Withdrawal from the endowment. The amount withdrawn from the endowment
for spending in a fiscal year is a function of the withdrawal percentage and the
endowment's value. Withdrawals are made as the money is needed for spending
during the fiscal year (here withdrawals are treated as if they are made at the
beginning of the fiscal year).
m
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
FiscalGap
(present system)
Notes
Fiscal ~ao. The fiscal gap is the difference between projected income and anticipated
expense. When a year in which there is a gap is reached, that gap must be closed by
enhancing revenue, reducing expense or using reserves, or any combination thereof.
Natural resource revenue (1). This does not include the part (10-15%) that goes into the
Alaska Permanent Fund.
Conventional revenue (2), Here, conventional revenue is all revenue other than natural
resource revenue and the income of the Alaska Permanent Fund. Projections for the years
after 2015 are based on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Permanent Fund income (3). This is the income of the Alaska Permanent Fund, after
inflation-proofing, with the rate of return assigned here. The fund's rate of total return
does not apply, since it is assumed that all of the fund's appreciation is not taken into
income. Incidentally, that rnte of total return probably would be less than the rate of total
return of the endowment under the proposed system, given the difference in investment
objectives.
Anticioated ex_oense (5). This is a typical estimate of how much might appropriately be
spent if sufficient income were available. When compared with projected income, it
serves to define the fiscal gap as it appears before revenue is enhanced and expense
reduction is planned. For 1996, it is approximately what has been budgeted. For 1997, it
is nssu med to be unchanged. Thereafter, it increases nt the rate of inflntion.
Enhanced conventional revenue (8), For 1998, enhanced conventional revenue is equal to
the conventional revenue projected for 1997, increased at the rate of enhancement.
Thereafter. it increases each year at that rate.
Planned exoense ( 11 ). This is anticipated expense (5), reduced according to a typical plan
to cut spending. For 1998, it is equal to anticipated expense (5) for 1997, increased at a
rate equal to the rate of inflation tempered by the rate of reduction. Thereafter, it
increases each year at that tempered rate. Thus, if anticipated expense for 1997 were
$100, the rate of inflation were 3.5% and the rate of reduction were 1%, planned expense
for 1998 would be $102.50.
~ The amount spent depends on whether income (1 O) and reserves, combined,
are adequate. If they are, the planned amount is spent. If not, the amount spent is equal
to income and reserves.
000000000000000000000000000
IIIIIII ..... -
IIII!111111111111111
rdscalGap
(proposed system)
Not~
~ The fiscal gap is the difference between projected income and
anticipated expense. When a year in which there is a gap is reached, that gap must
be closed by enhancing revenue, reducing expense or using reserves, or any
combination thereof.
Conventional revenue (2). Here, conventional revenue is the revenue derived from
all sources outside the endowment. Projections for the years after 2015 are based
on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Anticioated exoense (4). This is a typical estimate of how much might
appropriately be spent if sufficient income were available. When compared with
projected income, it serves to define the fiscal gap as it appears before revenue is
enhanced and expense reduction is planned. For 1996, it is approximately what has
been budgeted. For 1997, it is assumed to be unchanged. Thereafter, it increases at
the rate of inflation.
Enhanced conventional revenue (7). For 1998, this is equal to the conventional
revenue projected for 1997, increased at the rate of enhancement. Thereafter, it
increases each year at that rate. Enhancement is included here only to illustrate the
effect that it has on income and is not part of the proposed system.
~ Income consists of the the enhanced conventional revenue and the
amount withdrawn from the endowment. It is the amount available for financing
government, including its dividend program.
Spend ( 11 ). As planned, the amount spent is equal to income.
..T. \ ,..ooz
i ~ ~00~
- I
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 CZ Cfi 0 ~.. '0 0 ~ ~ t~ t-- tfl
Securing Alaska's Fiscal
Future
The Growing Fiscal Gap
Alaskans for A Plan
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap: Are
We Crying Wolf?.
· In 1989, ISER projected a gap starting in FY
· By FY 94, the gap would grow to $1 billion
· In FY 92, a 'crash landing" was predicted
Why are we still flying? Is a
crash inevitable?
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap
· ISER's predictions in 1989 were: · Slightly high on oil prices
· Accurate on oil production volume
,, Low on state revenues
,. Accurate on expenditures
So, Why Hasn't Alaska
Crashed?
Answer: Oil and Gas
Settlements
Opportunity for a Mid-
Course Correction: Adopt
a Long Range Fiscal Plan
Tools to Make Ends Meet
· Spending cuts
· increased taxes and user fees
· increased revenues through economic
development
· Use resal'~es
· Use Permanent Fund income
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Spending Cuts
a Alaska spends more than twice as much per
capita as the national average
· Education, criminal prosecution, correctional
facilities, and road maintenance are primanly
state-provided in Alaska, while are typically
provided by local governments in ot~er
jurisdictions
· Alaska has unique programs, such as PF
dividends, Longevity Bonus, and Pioneer
Homes
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Taxes
· Rnances for a ~/picai' state
· Personal income tax
- Meetly used to finance state govemme~
- Mostly used to fina~e state gov®rnn~nl
· Property lax
- Moltly used to finance local govemmem ar¢l local
schools
Tools to Make Ends Meet: Sales
and Income Taxes
· States with no state sales tax:
· Alaska. Delaware, Montana. New Hampshire,
Oregon
· States with no personal income tax:
,. Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota. Texas,
Washington, Wyoming
· States with no state sales tax and no
personal income tax:
· Alaska
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Personal Income Tax
· Earned income in Alaska economy
· $11 billion
· Portion eamed by non-residents
- $1 billion
. Ii $300 million is raised lmm an income tax. S30
million would come from non-residents
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Personal Income Tax
--
· If $300 million is raised from an income tax:
· $213 million in direct spending is removed lmm
the Alaska economy; $75 million in secondary
spending is removed from the Alaska economy
.3,700 jobs would be Ios~ by removing this direct
spending from the economy
2
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Sales Tax
· Volume of Alaska sales of goods and
SSn/Jces
· $9 billion
· Sales tax is more regressive than personal
income tax
· Typical sales taxes exempt retail food sales,
and health and social services
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Sales
Tax
.......... ~,...~;.:.~:.~;~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~.:.~.~.;.~:~:~~..~,, - ...........
· A 1% tax on retail trade and services would
raise $59 million
· A 4% sales tax would raise $236 million:
, $20 million from non-residents
· $215 million in direct spending removed from the
Alaska economy; $75 million in secondary
spending removed from Ihe Alaska economy
· Total spending reductions ol $290 million results in
the lost of 3,500 jobs
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Exdse
Taxes
· Highway Motor Fuel
· Each 1 cent/gaJon increases results in $2.9 million
i3 additional revenues
· Tobacco
· Each 1 cent4:}ack increase results in $500,000 in
additional revenues
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Excise
Taxes
· Alcohol
· Each 50 cent/gallon increase in liquor tax results
in $550,000 in additional revenues
· Each 5 cent/gallon increase results in $62,500 in
additional revenues
· Each lcont/gallon increase in beer lax results in
$136,000 in revenues
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Use
Reserves
· Constitutional Budget Reserve (CBR) Fund
projected to have $2.3 billion balance by
June, 1997
· if continue to spend CBR to fill the gap, state
warrants will bounce on October 31, 2000
when CBR balance hits zero
Proposed Long Range Plans
· Endowment Plan
· "Rieger Plan"
· "Cremo Plan"
· ARose Plan"
3
Endowment Plan
· Recommended by Long Range Financial
Planning Commission
· Recommendations include:
~ cut state spending
~ Increase revenues
~ Establish the Permanent Fund as an endowment
- Cap the Penaanent Fund dividend pool
Endowment Plan: Cut S?endmg
............. ~:~,,~._.~._..._.,:~;~;~i;i;~.;:i;i;i:i;i;;:~;;;;:i:;;~;~$i~.:.:.~×,~ ..........
· Cut $100 million over 3 years (nominal
dollars)
~ $40 million in FY 97
~ $30 million in FY 98
~ $30 million in FY 99
· In today's buying power, this equals: · $300 million reduction
- A 5% per year reduction in existing slam programs
and services
Endowment Plan:
How to Cut Spending
· State employee salaries and benefits · Adopt a Retkemen{ Incentive Program
- Reduce retirement benefils for new employees
· Consolidate administrative support functions
· Reduce growth in formula-driven programs
· Make propert7 tax exemption program a local
option instead of unfunded state mandate
· Review opportunities for privafization,
contracting out, out-sourcing and in-sourcing
Endowment Plan:
Increase Revenues
· Tobacco and alcohol tax incrsase · $1 per pack of cigarettes
· Double alcohol taxes to about 10 cents a drink
· Highway motor fuel tax increase
- Increase from lowest in U.S. (8 cents/gallon) to
na~onal average (22 cents)
· Double motor vehicle license fees
· Establish tourism industry taxes
· income tax re-instated when gap reappears
(FY 02)
Endowment Plan:
Permanent Fund is Cornerstone
~~4:.:..i;i;i;i ~ ...~..-~ .....
· Establish PF as an endowment
· Sets payout rate oi 4% of the average market
value for the preceding 5 years
· Increase dedicated percentage of royalties
and bonuses from 25% to 50%
· Requires constitutional amendment approved
by voters
· PF Eamings Reserve deposited into the Fund
once endowment established
Endowment Plan:
Cap PF Dividend
~ ~`~.~..~;::.if~:.E:~¢i~i;i~[~i;i~i~i~i~i~i;~.i~i~.:;~.~:~.~`
· Step down the dividend payment
,, Current year payments total S565 million
- Cuts the dividend p<~ol by $50 n'.llmn in each of next 3
yearn
= Dividend payment amounts:
- ~ 1995
- ~ 1996
- $8(30 1997
,, Dividend pool capped
- Frozen at $415 million; individual cln~de~,~ amoun~ no
Iong~' tied to Fund's pe~ormance
4
Endowment Plan:
Reserve Funds
· Constitutional Budget Reserve Purpose
Changed
· $1,5 billion balance malraalned to be tapped only
to cover oil pdce Iluctuations; excess balance
deposited into PF
· Requires constilulional amendment al:~mved by
voters
· PF Earnings Account eliminated; current
balance deposited into PF when endowment
established
"Cremo Plan"
............... . .... ~..;:'2;~:;;~::-::~:~:i:i:i,.;i;..i:::~.~ ..... '
· Dedicate all existing natural resource
revenues to lhe PF
~ Windfalls (ANWR) automatically go into PF
· Pays out an annual revenue stream to be
available for state spending
. Difference between spending and payout would be
made up with conventional revenues
- If 4% payout rate adooted, in FY 98 would be $1.7 million
deficit which would gradually disappear
· Constitutional amendment so needs voter
approval
'Rieger Plan" (SB 51)
· Change distribution of PF earnings
. Payout of PF earnings based on real earnings of
PF instead of nominal
- Fund i~ aut~natmally inflation pro~ed
- Reeraind~ of earmngs is s~it equally ~n generate
fum:l &nd PF div~oflds
· Same taxes, fee increases, and spending
cuts as endowment--except no income tax
· Reserve funds are available for spending
· No voter approval required
"Rose Plan"
· Uses Constitutional Budget Reserve Fund to
fill gap
,, Takes $2.5 billion in unrealized capital gains out of
PF principal and deposits it into CBR
,, Caps PF dividend pool at lasl year's level
,, Net PF income deposited into CBR
· Gap reappears in FY 05 and grows
· By FY 05, $10 billion in liquid reserves on the
table
AlaskanS for A Plan
5
Revenues and Expenditures
billion $
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
1996 1997 t998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Fiscal Year
DOR Revenues LRFPC Revenues
FY96 Expenditures w/3% growth LRFPC Expenditures
Souyce: Draft LRFPC Reporm; DOR Spring 1995 Revenue
Forecast: OMB FY96 Spending Plan:' DOR expenditure projection
?/24/1995
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap:
Oil & Gas Settlements
II
million $
1,6OO
1,400
1,200
1,000
8OO
6OO
4OO
,, ISER
"
.......................... _~ ....... ! ....................
~- Z ~ / / Actual
........ ii- ..... "- ...........
200 i ...... ; ......
0 ~
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Fiscal Year
ojr¢ Cz.
II
,rowth of State Government: FY79
to FY96-Full Time Employees
(Programs as Located Currently)
Law-Oil & Gas
til& Vet Affairs
Law-Criminal
Governor
omm & Reg Afl
Law-Civil
Legislature
Commerce
Education
Revenue
Env Cons
Natural Res
Courts
Labor
Fish & Game
Pub Safety
Admin-Oper
Corrections
Health & SS
Trans & PF
University
I
0
1,000
Full Time Employees
FY79
11,358
FY96
17,511
1 FY79
Increase to FY96
2,000
# of employees
3,000 4,000
Growth of State Government:
FY79 to FY96
(Programs as Located Currently)
Trans & PF
Revenue
Fish & Game
Education
Admin-Oper
Governor
University
Labor
Mil & Vet Afl
2omm & Reg Afl
Pub Safety
Health & SS
Courts
Natural Res
Env Cons
Law-Civil
Legislature
Law-Criminal
Commerce
Corrections
0
· oduct of
Popula':tio :n
Gro'Wth &,
Inflation
, , I
50 100 150 200 250 300
Percent Growth in General Fund $
Growth of State Government:
FY79 to FY96
(Programs as Located Currently)
Governor
Admin-Oper
Labor
)mm & Reg Afl'
Education
Law-Civil
Pub Safe~.
Courts
Trans & PF
Revenue
Fish & Game
Legislature
Law-Criminal
University
Natural Res
Health & SS
Commerce
Env Cons
,~il & Vet Affairs
Corrections
ProdUct Of
Population
GroWth &
Inflation
0
50 100 150 200 250
Percent Growth in Total $
393
445
631
300
Projected Constitutional Budget
Reserve Fund Balance
aillion $
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
October 31, 2000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Calendar Year
2001
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:2g ; g?~ gO? 283 3014;# 2
GOVERNOR
JUNEAU
1996 State of Budaet Address
BY Alaska Governor Tony Knowle~
January 11. 1996
for releare until 8 p.m.; text ~ubject to cha~
President Dme Pearce, Speaker Oall Phillips, members of th~ 19th
P.O. Box 110001
Juneau, AlasKa 99~11-00~1
Alaska Legislature,
Lt. Gov. Fran Ulmcr, members of my cabinet, my wife Susan and fellow.~Maskans.
Two evenings ago, I de.scribed a journey for Alaska's Family as 'w~ embark on a five-
year expedilion t~vard the 21st cenutry. ~ us dram safe and sound r~luires thai we are
properly equipped, thai we possess the basic gear I de.sc,-ibe as the commo
Alaskans - jobs, better schools, safe, healthy communitics and budget disci
Tonight I focus on d~c ~ necessity for our journey - budget disc
we're not go~ng au vhere.
Our greatest challenge ~ legislative session is to naviga~ Alaska'
a sa~ landing as wc go from one that's Prudhoe Bay-based to an economy
and more secure. The good news is, we can maks it
So let's mr~ t~is journey - I urge thc Legislature to commit to a re..
ac~on ~o balance Alaska's budget in no more flmu six years. ThsI's what
balance.
Let each off us be judged on our abilily to balance the budget, whib
ladder of opportunity for Alaska famih'es.
Can we agree to help ~ privale sector create jobs, so fewer Alaskt us require state
assistance? Can we agree to iml~'ove our schools, so our children are prepl red for the
competitive global economy? Can we ~ to improve our schools so fl~at maybe - just
maybe - we don't have ~o build so many prisons in the furore?
Can we agrcc to properly manage our fish, wil&!ice and wildlands, ~ future
generations enjoy ~ benefits? Can we a~rce to protect our homes and ne~hborhoods, so
Alaskans are safe in our communities?
Ca~ we agree thai hirning our backs on tll~se cssent~l services is
is what I mean by a safc la~,tlng for Alaska's families and I believe we cm
The m-.o~itude of thc problem wo collect, ivcly fac~ is enormous - a
which lids year alone is ncarly half a billion dollars. Without responsible a~
reSP°nsiblc people in ti'ds room, the jobs, homes and businesses of Alaskan
risk. So is Alaska's long-term financial security.
a vision of
)line.
)]i~. Without it,
economy toward
that's diversified
~onsible course of
mds d ipUn
holding s'~.ady the
acceptable? This
mdget shortfall
tion by
f-r~ilies are at
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; 7:30 ; 97~ 90? 283 3014;~ 3
Balancing Alaska's budget requir~ a plan - a commitment to
available to us. The~ are thos~ who will offer .*impUstic, bumper sticker s
clah~ may be memorable, but they don't measur~ up. Serious problems d
solutions.
Last year, virtually ail of us here agreed we needed a plan when va
Range Financial Planning Commission. Senate President Pearce and Hous~
jointly sponsored the resolution that establlnhed tho commission, and I core
your leadership.
The commission - 10 members appointed by the Legislature and
summer developing a long-term fmaagisl plan. This bipartisan group of 1
long and hard and de~erv¢ our thanks.
LI thc tools
~lutions. Their
nnend serious
creal~d thc Long-
Speaker Phillips
mend you both for
· by' mo - spent all
Alsskans worked
Speaker Phillips bas suggested - and I tlgnk it's a great idea - that tl~.p Lcsislatur¢ devote
the initial weeks of this session to hearings on this plan. I urge a result or]these hearings be a
£~rm legislalivc c, owrnillllont tO ba]anc~ AIMk~'s budget in no more than ~ix y~ars. Alaskans
deserve no leu. |
The financial commission realized there are no easy answers when ~t devised its plan.
That's why it recommended using a ~mbination of all thc tools in Alaska'is toolbox - budget
cuts, user fees, taxca and th~ earnings of thc Permanent Fund, while growh
the Fund's principal.
While not peri'~ the plan is a solid start. I~ most commendable fi
works - th~ numbers add up, it balance~ Alaska's budget.
Tonight, I want to share with you tl~ task thc cornmi~on faced. A
try something a little different for a budget address - while you in thc chau
outs on your desks, we'll be showing the illustrations to those ~ng on
In Crraph l, you can se~ that for this year, Alaska has a budget gap
beiwcen what wc colle~t and what we spend - totaling $429 million. Absen
hole, our budiet g~o will widen into a giant crevasse of about $850 mi!lio=
end to a billion dollars by the year 2000. The cumulative total of this proje
those five years is nearly $4 billion.
Why is this? A~ graph 2 shows, it's largely becausc Alaska depends
tho oil industry - for most of our rev~nue~ Those revenues arc shrinking ai
g and protecting
~ture is that it
Id we're going to
~bex have h~nd.
television.
a shorffell
action to fill the
in just three years
~ deficit in
on one SO~ -
North Slope oil
production declines.
For years, Alaskans have debated taking st~ps to avoid a budget gayr But we've either
lacked the political will or hav~ bo~ spared the hard choices, lik~ when th~ Persian Gulf war
filled our treasury with revenues from skyrocketing oil prices. ! ' .
Now, we must act. We should not deceive ourselves or Al.,.aa~__. int~ thinking this will
bo easy. Cutting the budget is a vital lust step, but thai alone won t get us l~azre. For example,
even cutting the entire state payroll would not save enough money to fill th~ budget gap. ,
The commission also r~,o~ that doing it through outs alone wottld send Alaska s
economy into a tailspin. Graph 3 reminds us of the oil price depression of 986, when 22,000
Alaskans lost their jobs, property values droppext more than $7 billion and anlcmptoies
reached almost 100 a month. No AIA,I~n~ wants to relive thai disaster.
2
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE ~OVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; 7:~1 ; ~?- ~07 28~ ~01~;# 4
M~ny commission m~mbers we~ surprised ~e ~
r~ ~ ~~, ~ you ~ ~ ~ ~ 4. Ia 1979, ~
~h p~n in ~. ~t ~t ~ ~ n~ly $6,000
~cli~ s~ee.
In ~y's do~, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S250 l~ss
From ~ ~~v~ ~ ~j~ for ~o~ ~ ~ o~~
25 p~l s~ 1991.
~= co~~ ~~ a q~on ~ by ~y ~~ - wi
more on pubic ~ ~ ~ ~ o~ ~. I~ ~v~
s~e of ~ ~ el~e by loc~ iov~en~ ~ ~ corem
~ cd--on.
We ~ mmc ~hi~s done by no o~ ~ l~ ~ $~6~ million
Pe~t F~d ~~ ~ ~ $72 ~on for se~or ~ Lo~
- ~o~ ~po~t ~ ~.
To ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w~t it ~s ~ ~c co~s~on
tools. ~ m~ ~ ~ ~ s~e ~ol ~d ~mplem
~ ~ w~k toge~ ~ ~sgon ~ ~d~ ~e ~~ion's pl~
a new one, ~ m~ ~b~ a b~ is ~ ~ j~ a'~l~ of
~e v~s of ~ w~ ~~t i~
~ I no~ ~ my ~ T~y ~ I ~c ~y l~g-~
~o~dc a ~c l~g f~ ~ fsmili~ ~d ~ b~ on five p~plel
on ~~on ~:
* One, ~ m~t clo~ ~ b~g~ g~ ~ b~ o~ budg~
* ~, ~ m~ ~t ~ ~ ~e P~t F~
* Fo~, ~ pl~ ~ r~ ~ ~d f~ m pay for e~
* Five, ~ ~ be no ~~ ~ ~ P~ent F~
people.
S~ ~~ r~~o~ ~ ~n~ov~s~ m I ~ lc
stand, As ~ho counl~y song wails: "If you don't stand for something, you'll.
The commission recommended doublin~ the amount of P~ahoe Bay
into the Permanent Fund principal and u_,ing earaings from thc inflation-pro
Fund to close thc budget gap. Then, they recommended that if necessary, az
would be proposed if revenues are needed to balance the budget. I disagree
approach.
The values I would use in developing futwe-year budgets are as foil,
First, coniinue cutting the budget while providi~ essential services
health of the economy.
Second, raise revenues through fees and taxes, including lhose on ti
of-sram workers.
Third, b~fom ~ver considering a change to Permanent Fund earnings
an income l~x because it is more fair and includes people who get a fr~e riC
money here but live Outside.
~n rcc~nt years to
bout $4,000 for
1983, but has
was 17 years ago.
~get has been cut
~y Alaska spends
pays a greater
· , h-'al~portation
nmil Ala~kan~ in
Bonus payments
~ointed to several
df.
md perhaps d~viso
~ers. It represents
udaet plan must
These are shown
~nu~ be fair.
~ vo~e of the
tell you where I
Fall for anything."
royalty dcposits
~fgd and e~darg~xi
with thi~
)WS.
nd protecting th~
thou.~mds of out-
would look to
by making their
SENT BY:OFF[CE OF THE ~0VERNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:~1 90? 28~ ~014;~ 5
It will probably surpris~ no one ~ I apprecia~ tim opinion of one
Alaska's Permanent Fund, former Governor Jay Hammond, who said in his
las~ month: "Fonuna~y, there r~naln some i~ public office wi~h enough
reco?i~ nonsense when fl~y se~ i~..Oo.v~l, or Knowlcs, for example, has l
endorses much of the Plannin~ Commission's proposal, 'he believes dividm~
cut prior to imposition of au income ~ and before he will permit such a
will demand a public vote on thc matter."
The budgci I propose to the Le~sls.~c for the comin8 year reflec~
year rec~mmendalions of th~ commission. At the same lime, it adhere.s to
budict principles I outlincd earlier. My budget proposal for the coming yea
It reduces ~he budget gap by $40 million, including $35 million in
the equivalent of abouI 160 full-lime and 100 pan-time positions.
It provides for esscntial public services - education, transportation.
economic development.
In a fair way, it asks the Alaskans who benefit from cermi- smle se~
paying somethLng for ~.m.
It raises additional state revenues by increasing select taxcs- on alcc
gasoline.
Finally, and perhaps most importantly, it enlarges and protects the
Let me take ~ steps in order. Fir~ budget cuts. More than $20
~f tbe falhe, rs of
newspatmr column
mmon g~II~ to
aid that wMle ~
~ ~d ~t ~
~ to ~, h~
many of the first-
· five bslanced
includes thcs~
,'ices to begin
rmanent Fund.
~llion in cms
comes directly from staIe agencies. No deparunent is umouchect, my office ~ncluded.
$7 million is saved through retirement incentives and other sU'eamliztng measures.
Taking a page from ~he privale-sector, I urge the Legislantre m pass the reft mnant program I
introduced last year, which reduces the number and cost of public employcc ~.
We negotiami new, cheaper contracts with more than 90 percent of'he slate work
force. Compared to previously negofial~d contract, they save $34 million c ~ ~ ncot~ four
years. Our negotiations were umgh, bu~ s~am cmployecs deserve credR for lmring dm
responsibility in helping govemmenI make ench mc~. Thc Lctislavare shou d fund these
We're saving more than $2 millioll by slream~ the way state go'
business. We consolidal~l three divisions into one ~o make our economic d~
more efficient and saved 25 perc~t by downsizing the Division of Energy.
New speed-regulator devices on highway sander tracks will save $3~.
sand and salt use, and also cut down dust pollulion.
~rnmen~ does
velopment efforts
4
more efficient and
rows~ leafy and
.w~n find a
My budget gives
the educational
We're also using the bes~ and la, st technology to make government
customer-friendly. Thousands of compumr users across the world can now ~
railroad schedules, get their business licenses, semi us E-mail messages and
biography of their favorit~ legislator.
Number two in our budget plan provides for essential public service~
us u~ tools to provide a healthy start for Alaska's children and it fully fund
Foundation Formula.
Anyone with a family or business knows prices are going up, so by ~equiring state
departments m absorb $75 million worth of i,~flalionary increases, we're doing more with less.
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE 60VE~NOR; B-81-&8 ; ?:32 ; 97~ 90? 283 301&;# B
It fosters economic development through the creation of jobs and j~
permits us to manege our natural resources wisely through sound science a
involvemcn~
When it comes to the basics, next year's capital budget is again dec
$110 million in barebones funding for Alaska's basic needs - transpormfi~
sewer, schools and defen~cl ~ at r~c university and other publk
Third in our budgc~ plan is asking Alaskans who benefit from ccrta
pay more for ~henz Our budgci reduces our dependence on off revenues
having scrvicc users shoulder more of the costs.
For example, at Pioneers' Homes it costs tho ste~e up to six thousa
dollars a month for each resident, while the average monthly payment W Ii'
$700. We asked senior citizens who could afford if to help pay more to nu
They and their families said yes, so raW. s will gradually rise to a
cost of care. We'll save about $2 million in st, ate support, but will be able
and no one will be turned away for lack of money.
Th~ commission thought muni¢ipalifics should mice on some service
paid for by the state. While we are fully funding the education of students,
communilies to pick up a small share of thc cos~ of gcUing them w school.
reduction in ~ aid to communities is only 1.2 percem.
Number four of thc budget plan is raising addilionsl revenues. This
incorporate~ the financial comml.ssion's recommendations for three tax inch
wholesale equivalent of 10 cents a drink more on alcoholic beverages, whit
million a year.
The budget includes s $1 tax increase on cigarenes and smokeless
show price inereazes are the main doterrent to children ,_~i,_a cigarcV~. Alt
projccl~.,d to generate $42 million, frankly, I hope this tn'opo~ doesn't rai~
This budget also calls for an increase in Alaska's gasoline ~ now
nation. It would move from the i-cent-a-gallon rate set in 1961 to the natio
cents, raisins $39 million a year.
Alaskans deserve a safe and reliable public transpor, ation system. $¢
Legislature to consider a constitutional dedica~on of the revenues from a
maintaining our roads and other public lransportalion facilities. I know man
have been aI d~c forefron~ of figs initiative in the past and I look forward
on it.
Thc fifth, final and most importanI element of our budget plan is
prote~ng th~ Permanent Fund.
That's why I propos~ depositing surplus camin~ of $1 billion, $200
principal of the Fund, on top of the $~00 _million deposited in Sune. This $1
the second largest deposi~ ever.
Alaskans have a special relationship with the Permanent Fund. It's o
savings account, our share of a common public asset, livery year we realize
Ii' we protect it and grow it, as I propos~ and is illuslrated in Graph
help our children and grandchildren realize the benefits of living in th~ Ala~
b tt~ini-g. It
ad public
icatod to about
1, water ~
In state services to
$8 million by
~ four hundred
there is only
intain services.
closer to the
continue s~,vices
~ which are now
we're askln__g local
Overall, the
budget
,,ases. One is the
h raises about $1
ibacco. Studies
~ough it's
a single dollar.
he lowest in the
~al median of 22
I urge thc
soline tax to
~ in this room
working with you
arSing end
million to thc
.2 billion will be
~r long-term
bcncfit~ fi.om it.
i. the Fund will
~a we now enjoy.
$6NT BY:OFFIGE OF THB ~OV~RNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:33 ; 97- 90? 283 3014;~ ?
All Alaskans should be thankful we have the oppommity to mak~
commend th~ loeislators in th_i~ chamber for their part. I know sow.~ have
enfirc legislative deposit was not mado last year,
Simply put, it was being done without a plan. I believed then and
give thc Long-Range Financial Planning Commission an opportuzfity to
overall budge~ skuatio~.
Tho coram~ion has now recommended a ~pos!t to thc Pemutnent
part of an ov~tll budg~ platt. I applaud th~ lcgishtors tonight who supper
course .of a~tion to balance tho budget - for not taldag the en~ wzy out.
In that vein, I'd like to recognize the people in this room for standh
principles earlier this evening, for putting policy above politics.
I've talked about what t~i, budget does. but there's also ~omethiag
not do. It doe, aa't remove thc safety net from Alaska's most n~ty.
Far too often th~ qui~t voices'of those in need get overwhelmed by
in powerful places. Compassion is not something to be bargained for, like
political poimr gang. It is something we prote~t and maintain.
That brings up two impo~ places where we are controlling fa~t-i
the budget to ~ave dol~,~ - welfare re. form and Medicaid.
While Washington r~maim gridlock~, wo'v¢ stepped up to the plate
reform. Th~ number of ~ on publi~ a~is~ d_mpped by mot~ that
saving $6 million in welfare payments. To ensure more fnmili~ mow from
we're putting tho~e savings into child ca~ anti job training, l~y reinvesting
now, we'll ~ave t~ns of millions more itt tl~
As for Medictid - which provides basic m~ical cam to th~ ~lde, rl per, disabled and
to low-incom~ mothers ,nd childrea - ~ ha~ n~_i .tlue need~ that are~ignored in
Waahington. Under Congress' proposal, Alaska is at least $250 million of what v,~
need over the next ~even ye, ars.
We're worths closely with our co~ional delegation to fur thishop~ tbey'll
be succe~ful in protecting tl~ 69,000 vuinorable Alaskam who count on for their
A~ we embark on our journey into the next ee, nntry. Ictus all ~ is a
land of great ctmlleng~, great st~.o~s nnd even gre~m- pot~atial. The
w~'ve mad~ in the 37 years since State. hood ~ been bard-foulg~. Yet, it is product of
This year, as you se~ in tl~ final graph, w~ fac~ an ~lually daunling -
eliminati~ the budget/ap in no more than six years. If we take for our future
and quit livi~ off reserves, we can ca~ the stat~ to a safe landing.
If we don't, if we contint~ bus~ as up. utl, the landi~ won't be at all. We'll
~puttcr and stall, then crash the economy ri~t into a mountainsi~. Our will be
stuck pickin~ up th, piec~ of our rccklessnnss.
We all know anyonn can engineer a crash lalzii~. It's tl~ safe s that take the
collectivc skill and hard work of everyone on board.
TI~ plan I've outlined here tonight is a flight plan for that safc l=or jobs. For
better schools. For safe, healthy communities. For budget discipline. For family.
Thank you
,i_, deposit and
'uestioned why tl~
tw, we needed to
,ow
Fund principal as
~cl that responsible
g up for thair
.lis budget does
h~ shouts of those
omc chit in a
'owin~ areas of
on wotfare
welfare to work,
~:~ savi~s
~,laska ~tate Chamber of Commerce ~' 1~]1/21/96 ® 12:11 AM ~ 3/3
ABUDGET UPDATE FROM THE ALASKA STATE CHAMBER · VOL 2 ISSUE 1 · JANUARY 16, 1996
State Chamber's Top Priority: State's Long Term
Fiscal Management
"Fiscal Notes" to Keep Alaska's Business Conununity Informed
Topping the Alaska State Chamber of
Commerce's list of priorities for the 1996 legisla-
tive session is the state's adoption of a long range
fiscal strategy. Such a plan will not only ensure
the state is on a sound fiscal course, but will also
provide an environment in which Alaska's busi-
nesses can plan their future.
To enhance Alaska businesses understanding of
the state budget and its consideration by the
Legislature, the State Chamber will again publish
"Fiscal Notes." "While last year may have been
the first year we published "Fiscal Notes," it
quickly became an important source of informa-
tion to our members in their tracking of budget
deliberations" explained Pam LaBolle, ASCC
president. "It helped our members learn about not
only what the Legislature was doing, but what it
really meant" she continued.
"Fmcal Notes" will be published bi-weekly and
dislributed through a fax network to all interested, at no
charge. Contact the State Chamber's Anchorage (278-
2722) or Juneau office (586-2323) to receive a copy.
Chamber's Resolve: Closing Fiscal Gap Will
Promote Economic Development
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce rates sound fiscal management for the state of
Alaska as its number one priority; and
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce feels the uncertainty in the state budget process
and state spending has created instability in the business and investment community; and
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce recognizes the hard work of the Long Range
Financial Planning Commission and further recognizes that their plan provides a starting point for the
1996 State Legislature to close the fiscal gap;
THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly urges the
Alaska State Legislature to adopt and implement, during the 1996 legislative session, an overall long
range fiscal plan for the State that not only addresses the fiscal gap but encourages and promotes eco-
nomic investment and business development, and endeavors to maintain the state's infrastructure; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly requests the
Alaska Legislature address this issue as the first order of business and consider it the highest legislative
priority; and
BE IT FURT~ RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly urges the
Alas 'ka Legislature to adopt a plan within the first 90 days of the 2nd session of the nineteenth Alaska
Legislature. Adopted December, 1995.
Alaska ?.ate Chamber of Commerce '~' Q~1/21/96 ®12:10AM 712/3
ALASKA STATE CHAMBER · FISCAL NOTES · JANUARY 16, 1996
Governor's FY 97 Budget: Cut $40 Million
You Decide If He Got There
Last Friday the Governor submitted his operating
budget to the Legislature (FIB 412/SB 213). Following
one of the recommendations of the Long Range Financial
Planning Commission, the Administration's target was to
cut $40 million from next fiscal year's spending (which
starts July 1). (The commission's plan, presented to the
Governor and Legislature last October, recommended
MOO million in spending reductions over the next three
years.)
The Governor's budget starts an annual event in
which the "beans" are counted to see ff his spending plan
really cuts state government (the Legislature's spending
plan will get the same critique). While the Governor's
numbers total $40 million less in spending from the state's
General Fund, he includes some reductions that aren't real
"cuts"- automatic reductions in debt service, using other
state accounts to pay for programs normally funded from
the state's general fund, and collecting more in fees from
users of state services.
The chart below outlines how the Governor gets to his
$40 million cut. You decide if it meets your definition of
a cut in the state's budget.
Getting to -$40 Milh'on
FORMULA: To get a net cut of-$4.1 million, programs that pass state funds
through to local governments were cut -$8.4 million to 'make room" for increases
in other formula-driven programs. Also, a $6 million increase to cover K-12
enrollment increases is paid for from one-time tr~st funds instead of the general
fund; this means next year this $6 million will have to be paid for from the general
fund plus the funds needed to cover nextyear's enrollment increases.
STATE PROGRAMS: Includes +$8.4 for pay
increases for state and University employees;
means $8.4 million had to he cut elsewhere to
"make room" for these increases. Also includes
+$23 million requested by the Judicial3t Branch.
(~n MillionS)
~.~/
Operating Budget: (CurrentYear) X{Oovemor's)~. ~
/
Formula Programs 1,074.1 ~ 1,070.0 ~ 4.1 ~./ LEGISLATION/ADJUSTMENTS: An income
State Programs and Services 1,151.2 '~ 1,152.0 ~ 0.8 ~/ eligibility cap forLongevity Bonus will save-
Legislatio~Adjustmonts -13.2 -13.2 ~ $6 million (lib 417/$B 217):Retirement
TotalOperatingBudget 2.225.3 2,208.8 -16.5 Incentive Program for state employees saves -
Other Spending*: $5 million. Another $2 million in spending is
D ............. offset by taking $2 million from a reserve
cbt :5elvlce 1 u"J ~+ "aY+ / -lq./ ~,.
__ .'. .'. ~'^ % aceoum ~excess health henent payments).
L.,oalls ,t..:) 1.2) U.U ~
Special Appmpriafic~s/T~s~ers 17.1 14.3 -2.8 . ~ DEBT SERVICE: The
Supplementals (esnmates) 20 0 19
Total 2,3~tate and school bonds each
SUPPLEMENTALS: Both years are 435 Plus Another 4t Equnls .$40 SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS: The
an estimate. Governor's current year Million: $5 million is shaved off the reduction is because the state will collect less
request is due to the Legislature early
February; expected to cover fiscal gap by generating more in user fees per barrel from the Oil/Hazardous Substance
uncontrollable costs such as disasters, a~d payments for state services that are surchage because of declining oil production·
fighting fires, court settlement~, fines. [o~nuy paid for by the state's general fund.
What About Ali That Other Money the State Spends?
The above chart only shows spending from the state's
general fund (state revenues that can be used for any
purpose; they are "unrestricted" revenues). Each year
the state also spends about $1.1 billion in federal funds
and nearly $2 billion in other kinds of state funds. While
the state Constitution prohibits dedicating state funds,
there are over 80 other state funds "designated" for a
certain p~. These include penn,anent fund divi-
dends, university tuition receipts, mental health trust
funds, and marine highway system receipts.
"Fiscal Notes" is a project of the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce. Information is compiled and written for the State Chamber by
Cheryl Frasca. It is d~ributed to organizazUans, who fax it to their members. If you get more than one copy or no longer want to
receive "Fiscal Notes" contact organizations of which you are a member. For other comments, suggestions, contact the Chamber's
Anchorage office at 278-2722; fax 278-6643. Please copy and distribute "Fiscal Notes" to others interested.
19:53 JAN ~, 1996
peaking
fo the Issues
Conlad:
ii.do Hu~
~rnor's ~fi¢e
P.O. Box l]O00l
J unmu, Alaska 99811-000 i
phone 907A6S.3S00
fax 907.465.3532
Idlp://www. gov. stale, aLus/gov/
home2.hlml
Governor Knowles appears on
stal'ewide public TV coil-in
program from 8-9 p.m. on
1/24.
Quote of the
Week
'Some have questioned
why the entire legislative
depasil (lo the Permanent
Fund) was not made last
year. Simply pm, it was
being done without a
plan.'
-Governor Tony Knowles
~ $1ale af ~ Budgel
$5468 PAGE: 2/2
Talking Points for the Week
Week of January 22, I g96
· Legislature introduces Long Range Commi.~sion bill.~. Governor
Knowles continues to press legislative leaders to focus on a plan to balance
Alaska's books within six years. On a positive note, the legislature today
introduced the bills proposed by the Long Range Financial Planning
Commi.qsion. The Governor is urging ,hat the first order of business be the
discussion and passage of a resolution which defines the magnitude of the
budget problem and agrees to balance the state budget in a specified number
of years.
· I~ Permanent Fund deposit part of a plan? Despite the absence of a
10ng-term budget balancing_ plan, legislative leaders are proceeding with an
attempt for an immediate deposit to the Permanent Fund principal. A bill is
being heard in the House Finance Committee Tuesday (1/23) to deposit most
of the $1.2 billion from the Fund's earnings reserve account into the Fund
principal. The move comes less than tWO weeks after the legislature failed to
override Governor Kaowles veto of a similar plan last year.
· Deposit will not increase dividends. Proponents of an early deposit
argue it will increase dividends. Not mm. Dividends are calculated on all
Fund assets, whether in the principal or reserve account. A deposit now,
wiflaout a long-term budget balancing_ plan. a_m)ears irresp_ ousible.
· Governor focuses on creating jobs. Governor Knowles travels to
Anchorage Tuesday (1/23) to receive 200 recommendations by top Alaska
bl~$iness leaders for job ~reation. The effort, under the Governor's Marketing
Alaska initiative, is designed to assist businesses with expanqion and new
opportunities. Also Tuesday, the Governor meets with Japanese and Korean
consul generals to explore expanded international trade. The value of Alaska
exports jumped 10 percent in just the first nine months of 1995, accounting
for more than 50,000 Alaska jobs.
Is lhis your correcl fox number? · Are you receiving duplicales? · Please mil our office with corrections or changes.
ATtENDEES/PARTICIPANTS
OF
KENAI TOWN HALL MEETING
JANUARY 25, 1996
City of Kenai
Staff:
Carol Freas (Clerk), Jay Sweeney (Finance Director), Keith Kornelis
(Public Works Director) and Tom Manninen (City Manager)
City Council
Members:
Joe Moore, Jim Bookey, John Williams, Linda Swarner (arrived at 8:30
p.m.)
Others:
Mike Burns, President, Key Bank, Anchorage
Barbara Dedrick, Key Bank, 11311 Frontage Rd, Kenai
Linda Shivers, Key Bank, 11311 Frontage Rd, Kenai
Larry Simmons, Finance Director, Kenai Peninsula Borough, 144 N. Binkley, Soldotna
Betty Glick, P.O. Box 528, Kenai
Carl Glick, P.O. Box 528, Kenai
Ron Goecke, P.O. Box 3474, Kenai
Pauline Goecke, P.O. Box 3474, Kenai
Dale Sandahl, 4040 Lupine, Kenai
Tom Thibodeau, P.O. Box 362, Kenai
Phil Bryson, P.O. Box 1041, Kenai (office)
Mary Lee Kornelis, 1513 Toyon Way, Kenai
Ethel Clausen, P.O. Box 2815, Kenai
Jim Singree, Katmai Hotel (owner), 10800 Kenai Spur Highway, Kenai
Lloyd Johnson, First National Bank, 11408 Kenai Spur Higway, Kenai
Bob Peters, P.O. Box 24, Kenai
Roger Meeks, P.O. Box 424, Kenai
Don Aase, 10352 Kenai Spur Highway (King's Inn), Kenai
Sylvia Johnson, P.O. Box 152, Kenai
John M0nfor, 1509 Toyon Way, Kenai
Sharon Williams, P.O. Box 459, Kenai
Melissa DeVaughn, Peninsula Clarion, P.O. Box 3009, Kenai
Post-it® Fax Note 7671 Date ~/,~)ipagesVl # of ,- ~
Co./Dept. :/ Co.
Phone 9 Phone 9
Fax ~ Fax ~
Legislative Bulletin
I~llelbt #19-0
January 19, 1996
President Joins
Legislature
Don Long replaces
Rep. Eileen MacLean
Governor Tony Knowles an-
nounced his selection of former Bar-
row Mayor and AML President, Don
Long, as his choice to serve as repre-
sentative for the North Slope and
Northwest Arctic House District 37.
Representative Long was sworn in on
Thursday, January I 1.
Long replaced Rep. Eileen
MacLean who announced last month
that she would resign due to health
reasons. "Eileen MacLean has done
an outstanding job as representative
and I share her confidence that Don
Long will continue the tradition of
strong leadership from the North
Slope," Knowles said.
Don was bom in Noatak, raised
in Kotzebue, lived in Point Hope, and
served as mayor of Barrow. Don
served on the AML Board from 1992
through 1994, and as President in
1994-95.
A whaling captain, Long served
two terms as mayor of Barrow, and
worked previously for the North
Slope Borough, Arctic Regional Cor-
poration and Barrow area utilities.
Long chaired the Governor's public
safety transition team and was ap-
pointed to the Alcohol & Drug Abuse
~Advisory Board.
Governor Kn0wles to Meet with.
Mayors and AML Board
Will Discuss Proposal to Reinvent Municipal - State Relations
During the joint AML Board of Directors and Alaska Conference of Mayors
(ACoM) meeting in Juneau on January 24 and 25, a delegation of municipal offi-
cials will meet with Governor Knowles to present the concept ora permanent state/
municipal partnership to improve communications and coordination between the
state and its municipalities. The Governor will also address the full ACoM and
AML Board meeting.
The "Local Government Partnership Council" proposal was approved by
the AML and ACoM at the annual conference in Valdez. According to President
Joe Murdy, '~his type of municipal/state partnership has been successful and mu-
really beneficial in several progressive states. The State of Alaska needs full coor-
dination with municipalities if it is to really implement a meaningful long range
financial plan. Municipalities provide over half of the state's direct government
, (continued on page $)
Cuts and Transfers to Municipalities Key Feature
in Governor's Proposed Budget
According to the OMB Budget Report:
· Direct state aid to municipalities will decrease by -9.80%
- Municipal Assistance (MA) -$2,556,700 (-8.0%)
- Revenue Sharing (RS) -$2,101,700 (-8.0%)
- Senior Exemption Mandate -$1.163.800 (- 100.0%)
TOTAL -$5,822,200
Additional cuts/transfers/new unfunded mandates to municipalities:
- Transfer pupil transportation -$ 2,627,400 (-8.0%)
- Municipal Lands Trust Program
- Coastal Management Grants
- Community Schools
- Health/Social Service Grants
- Municipal Libraries-SLED grants
- Fire Training fees
- DEC landfill Permit increases
TOTAL
-$ 91,000
-$ 100,000
-$ 100,000
-$ 834,900
-$ 75,000
-$ 180,200
-$ 450.000
-$4,408,500
(-1% to all grants)
TOTAL CUTS/TRANSFERS -$10,230,700
(continued on page
217 Second Street, Suite 200, Juneau, Alaska 99801 · Tel. (907) 586-1325, Fax (907)463-5480
Joe Murdy, Presider
Assembly Member, Munk:il~iiy of Anchorage
Tom Greene, 1st Vice President
Mayor, C~/of Non~s/ton
Roa~maw Hagevig
Assembly Member, City and Borough of Juneau
Pat Abney
A~sembly Member, Municipality of Anchorage
Elmer Arm~hung
Reginald Cleveland
Denni~ Egan
Mayor, Cr~y and Borough of Juneau
C~_.~tcil Member. City of Palmer
Robert Knight
Ken Lancaster
IVleyor, City of Sokt3tna
Coun~ Member, City of Bemel
AIMre Stanton
Budget ccon...ea from page 0
The Governor's budget justifies the 8 percent cut to Municipal Assistance and
Revenue Sharing by stating the "ovErall reduction in state aid to local governments/
school districts is 1.2%." This is because they considered funding for the school
foundation formula as municipal aid. However, schools are NOT a municipal aid
program. The Alaska Constitution places education in a separate section and states,
'°rhe legislature shall by general law establish and maintain a system of public
schools...." Education funding is a state responsibility that is turning into an un-
funded mandate on municipalities.
Over the past ten years, the state has cut MA/RS by over $'90,000,000. The
cumulative cuts are greater than any "new tax" on the table in the Long Range
Financial Plan. Along with other state cuts, mandates, and transfers over the past
ten years, municipal taxpayers have already absorbed amounts approximately equal
to the projected revenue from a new income tax.
The Governor's budget proposal may severely impact some small municipali-
ties that have few or no revenue options, and will force a combination of tax in-
creases and service cuts to larger communities. A $10 million cut equates to over
200 full-time jobs at the municipal level.
The AML Board and Alaska Conference of Mayors will be addressing the
League's response to the cuts st. their meeting on January 24 and 25 in Juneau.
Betty GIIck, Past President
Assemb/y Member, Kens/Pen/nsula Borough
Jerome ~. Selby, PIIst Pre~ident
Gaye Vaughan
Alaska Assoc~aUon of Mun/c~oa/C/ed=
Ga~y Hennlgh
A/aska Mun/c/pa/Management Assoc/a#on
Gerald Lee Sharp
A/aska Mun/c/pa/A#omeys
Judi Slajer
Kevin CoRitchle
Julle Kraflt
Kris Unn
Bus. ess Manager
Su~an Behbaha.i
Alaska Municipal League
217 Second Street, Suite 200
Juneau, Alaska 99801
907.586-1325
907-463-5~0 (fax)
The AMI., Legislative Bulletin is published twice per month while the Alaska
State Legislature is in session (January through May). After the ses~ion, it is replaced
by The Touchstone, which is published momidyfrom July through December. Copim
of these publications are sent free to member municipaliti~, Associate. a, and A. ffili-
ate~. Additional copies are available to AML members at a cost of $35 per subscrip-
tion to the same address.
#19-9
Page 2.
The Long Range Financial Planning Commission
716 West Fourth Ave., Ste. 470
Anchorage, Alaska 99501
2 · October 1995
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
ECImVE SUMMMIY
Alaska's fiscal gap is real and growing
The State is spending $524 million more than it will take
in during the current fiscal year. That gap will grow to $1.3
billion per year in today's dollars by 2005 if we make no
changes to the State's spending and revenue policies.
The Long Range Financial Planning Commission was
appointed jointly by the Legislature and Governor in March
1995 to recommend ways to close the gap and put Alaska on
firm financial ground This report details our plan and our
recommendations.
What does the plan do? It: · Makes the Permanent Fund the cornerstone
of Alaska's fiscal future.
· Closes the fiscal gap by the year 2000.
· Ensures growth of the Permanent Fund to offset
declining oil and gas revenues.
· Stabilizes and diversifies revenues.
· Controls State general fund spending.
· Maintains a reserve to dampen the effect of
oil price swings.
· Decreases our dependence on volatile oil revenues.
This is a plan for ourselves and our grandchildren. It re-
quires all Alaskans to share in the solution. No action to
close the fiscal gap is the greatest threat to Alaska's financial
future.
The Commission was asked to recommend a plan for
three, five and ten years. To be sure that plans for these time
frames did not create a reoccurring fiscal gap after that, the
Commission also looked at the likely effects of its plan over a
fifteen year period.
The first three years
The key elements of the three-year plan are to:
Cut spending
· Cut current State general fund spending by $100 million
m $40 million in 1996, $30 million in 1997, and $30
million in 1998 -- a reduction of $300 million in today's
dollars.
· Reduce per capita State general fund spending from
$ 4,020 to $ 3,692 in four years -- a reduction to $ 3,255
in today's dollars.
Increase Revenues
· Increase tobacco taxes by $1 per pack ($43 million).
· Increase alcohol taxes by 10 cents per drink
($20 million).
· Increase motor fuel tax from the 1961 level of 8 cents/
gallon to 22 cents/gallon and increase marine fuel tax by
3 cents/gallon ($44 million).
· Increase user fees by at least $3 million per year, double
motor vehicle license fees, and eliminating motor
vehicle license fee exemptions ($32 million).
· Establish a new tax to generate at least $20 million from
tourists and increase taxes on fisheries and other
resources by $30 million.
Use the Permanent Fund as an endowment
· Establish the Permanent Fund as an endowment to
partially replace declining oil revenues.
· The endowment will pay up to 4 percent of the Fund's
five-year average market value to the general fund for
dividends and State services.
· Constitutionally protect Permanent Fund principal
by building long-term inflation-proofing into the
endowment plan.
· The endowment payont and increased Permanent Fund
contribution require voter approval of a constitutional
amendment in 1996.
Boost the earning power
of the Permanent Fund
· Build Permanent Fund principal by
(a) making additional special deposits to fund principal;
(b) increasing the minimum annual deposit to' the ~
Permanent Fund;
and (c) retaining additional earnings in the Permanent Fund.
· Deposit $600 million from the Constitutional Budget
Reserve into the Permanent Fund this year.
· Close out the Permanent Fund Earnings Reserve once
the endowment is in place, by depositing it into the
Permanent Fund (approximately $1.2 billion)
· Increase to 50 percent the minimum contribution to the
Permanent Fund from certain oil, gas and mineral
lease revenues.
· Retain earnings in excess of the 4 percent annual payont
in the fund. Since the projected rate of return to the
fund is 4.79 percent after inflation, the Fund should
retain earnings above inflation-proofing of at least 0.75
percent annually.
Cap the Permanent Fund Diviclend pool
· Reduce the total amount spent for the dividend program
from $565 million this year by $50 million a year for
each of the next three years.
· Individual dividends will be about $900 next year,
$800 in 1997, and $700 in 1998.
Clarify the purpose of the State's reserves
· Maintain the CBR at $1.5 billion to cushion against oil
revenue volatility. Clarify its use and repayment in a
constitutional amendment.
Reform the budget process · Scrutinize all State spending, not just State general funds.
· Report annually to the public on progress toward
closing the fiscal gap.
· Focus on whether programs are needed, cost-effective
and achieve their intended results.
The fivc and lO-year plan
In 1999, Alaska comes to a fork in the road. By that time
the budget is balanced under the Commission's plan. To
prevent the fiscal gap from reappearing, we can cut the bud-
get further, institute a personal income tax, increase other
taxes, and/or further reduce dividends. The Commission rec-
ommends that a follow-up review be done in late 1998 and
early 1999 to adjust the overall plan as needed for the suc-
ceeding five to ten years. By that time the budget is ~ced
and we will know more about ANWR, the gas fine and fed-
eral budget changes. As a result, decisions for first decade
of the next century will be less dependent on speculation.
Under our plan, after budget cuts, tax increases, the Perma-
nent Fund endowment and dividend reductions have been
made, this Commission recommends the State adopt a per-
sonal income tax in 2000 to begin in 2002, once the deficit
reappears.
525
$20
515
510
$5
5o
1996
1997
1998 t
1999
2000 ~
2001
2002
I
2003
I
2004
200S
This publication printed for the Long Range Financial Planning Commission. The report is produced at $0.30 cost per copy. Printed and produced in Anchorage, Alaska.
October 1995
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
FINAL REPORI
Alaska's fiscal gap is real, and it's growing
The State of Alaska spends more than it takes in each year,
and has done so for six of the past nine years.
This year, the State will spend $524 million more from the
State general fund than it will take in -- this is the fiscal gap.
That gap will grow to $768 million in three years, to $879
million in 5 years, and $1,253 billion in 10 years (in today's
dollars) if we make no changes to the State's spending and
revenue policies. Our interim report contains more details
about the growing fiscal gap and options available to close
the gap.
The Long Range Financial Planning Commission was
appointed jointly by the Legislature and Governor in March
1995 to recommend how to close the gap and put Alaska on
firm financial ground. In the past six months, as directed by
the resolution creating the Commission, the Commission has:
· Reviewed and evaluated State fiscal policy and strategy
recommendations and assumptions from reports and pub-
lications from similar efforts in the past made by the ex-
ecutive branch, the legislative branch, the University of
Alaska, nonprofit organizations, and private individuals and
organizations,
· Identified and evaluated all current State income sources
and assets, including recurring revenue, reserves, physi-
cal resources, and investments,
· Identified systemic changes to stabilize the State's
revenue stream,
· Identified maior reductions in State expenditures,
· Identified new sources of revenue,
· Projected a sustainable long-range financial plan
based on a stable revenue stream,
· Evaluated constitutional, statutory, and regulatory
language re/ating to the budget process,
· Reviewed and evaluated forward funding of
the State budget,
· Considered the division of responsibility for providing
services and raising revenue between the State and local
governments and evaluated the effect of the long-range fi-
nancial plan on local governments,
· Submitted a preliminary report to the Governor and
the Legislature, and
· Disseminated information and solicited public comment.
The Commission's deliberations were aided by substantial
work and informative presentations by State agency person-
nd, the Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation staff, Alaska
Municipal League and Conference of Mayors, and private citi-
zens who brought additional perspectives to the table.
The Commission's work focused on elements of State spend-
ing which affect the fiscal gap. These include:
· General funds, including program receipts
· Permanent fund earnings
· Funds created by appropriations for specific purposes
or as "holding accounts"
· Special revenue funds set out in the constitution
or statute.
Certain other funds, while included in the overall budget
of the state, are not commonly reported in budget presenta-
tions, and do not materially affect the fiscal gap.
These include:
· Federal funds
· Loan amounts and loan administrative costs
· University receipts
· Internal service funds
· Transfers between agencies for contractual obligations,
including interagency receipts.
The Commission believes the State budget process should
include examination of all spending, regardless of whether
the funds affect the fiscal gap. To meet the Commission's
charge of closing the fiscal gap, though, we focus on the gen-
eral fund and Permanent Fund.
The Commission has developed a financial plan for the
State of Alaska. It brings Alaska's spending into line with
recurring revenues. It balances the needs of current Alas-
kans with the needs of future generations. It requires that all
Alaskans share in the solution.
What the plan does:
Makes the Permanent Fund the cornerstone
of Alaska's fiscal future
The plan calls for a constitutional amendment establishing
the Permanent Fund as an endowment fund with an annual
payout to the general fund based on a rolling five year aver-
age. The Permanent Fund will continue to grow with addi-
tional deposits, and retain some of its earnings in the next
f~ewyears .,so thatj~, ~'~,~o~e replaces d~oil revenues
in the future.
Closes the fiscal gap by the year 2000
The combination of spending cuts, revenue increases, and
uses of Permanent Fund income closes the fiscal gap in four
years. With imposition of a State personal income tax in about
2002, the budget balances for another five years.
Ensures growth of the Permanent Fund to
offset declining oil and gas revenues
The constitutional dedication of mineral lease revenues,
royalties and bonuses to the Permanent Fund increases to 50
percent. The annual payout rate from Permanent Fund earn-
ings is capped at a rate of up to four percent of the five-year
average market value of the fund, which will allow additional
retained earnings to build up the fund. Earnings in excess of
the four percent payout rate will, over the long term, fully
inflation-proofthe fund, and preserve its earning power. Since
the projected earnings rate is 4.79 percent above inflation,
continued good performance by the fund will result in addi-
tional retained earnings of 0.79 percent.
The Plan Recommended By This Commission
· Creates a new philosophy for state revenues
- Permanent Fund income begins to replace oil revenues
· Enhances our ability to save for future generations
· Imposes some spending discipline on the State
* Defines a role of the Permanent Fund in Alaska's future
, Clears up some of the confusion over cash reserves
* Suggests embarking upon some structural
changes in State government
. involves the public in the decision making process
Stabilizes and diversifies revenues
A reliable payout from Permanent Fund earnings will sta-
bilize Alaska's income during periods of oil price volatility
and substitute for declining oil revenues. New consumption
taxes and business taxes will provide a portion of the State's
revenues. These revenues will grow as the State's population
grows, providing some links between State revenues and its
service needs. The State personal income tax. once imposed
in about 2002, will be related to State population growth,
and will bring in revenues from non-resident workers.
Controls State general fund spending
The "bottom line" for general fund spending will shrink
by five percent per year in today's dollars for the next four
years. Depositing of reserve fund balances and a higher level
of oil revenues into the Permanent Fund limits the money
available to fuel State spending growth.
Maintain a reserve to dampen the
effect of oil price swings
The Constitutional Budget Reserve will be available to cush-
ion oil price decreases, and be used to absorb revenues from
oil price increases. The second state reserve, the Permanent
Fund Earnings Reserve, will be closed and deposited into the
Permanent Fund. The Commission recommends maintain-
ing a level of $1.5 billion in the Constitutional Budget Re-
serve fund. That amount is approximately one year's oil rev-
enues. Amounts in excess of the $1.5 billion level should be
deposited in the Permanent Fund. The CBR will be replen-
ished by its own interest income, and we further recommend
any excess revenues from temporary oil price increases be
deposited in the (:BR.
Decreases our dependence on
volatile oil revenues
The combination of Permanent Fund income, increased
and new taxes and user fees, and the reimposed State in-
come tax, will offset oil revenues as the primary source of
funding for State government operations.
The plan closes the fiscal gap with the following steps:
· Cuts spending,
· Increases revenues, and
· Establishes the Permanent Fund as an endowment,
· Caps the Permanent Fund dividend pool.
The first three years
The key dements of the three-year plan are to:
Cut spending
The State cannot continue to spend at the same level it
does today. Notwithstanding needs and demands for increased
spending and the impending federal transfer of programs to
the State, the Commission believes Alaska cannot close the
fiscal gap without cutting State spending.
· The plan calls for State general fund spending to be re-
duced by $1OO million in three years-- $40 million in FY97,
$30 million in FY98, and $30 million in FY99 -- a reduction
of $300 million in today's dollars.
· This decline of State spending reduces per capita State
general fund spending from $4,020 to $ 3,692 in four years
-- a reduction to $3,255 in today's dollars.
· The Commission believes this level of reduction in State
spending will be painful, but is a necessary step toward dos-
ing the fiscal gap. Recent legislatures have managed to hold
spending level, which has resulted in real reductions to some
State programs.
· Within these budget targets, the Commission believes the
State should give attention to deficits in the State's infrastruc-
ture spending, most particularly for maintenance on pub-
licly-owned facilities, roads and highways.
· The Legislature and the Administration may wish to con-
Continued On Next Page
4 · October 1995
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
FINAL REPORT
Continued From Previous Page
sider voter-approved general obligation bond debt as a way
to finance capital projects.
General recommendations for budget reductions include:
Public salaries and benefits
· Enact a retirement incentive program to reduce personal
services expenditures.
· Enact a new Tier Ill retirement system to reduce
retirement benefits for new State and local government
employees.
· Revise geographic pay differentials for non-covered
State employees.
· Study geographic cost differentials in Alaska for use
during collective bargaining negotiations with covered State
employees (and for use in other State formula programs).
· Compare salaries and benefits of public employees to
appropriate public and private markets in Alaska and the
Pacific Northwest. Use that comparison to move Alaska's
public pay system for State employees, local government
employees, and school districts to market.
· Examine the publicly funded health plans for State, local
government, school district, and University employees as
well as those who receive Medicaid. Look for opportuni-
ties to save substantial costs through pooling or other
mechanisms.
Administrative realignment
· Reengineer the delivery of State services to eliminate
excessive administration.
· Consolidate state departments and agencies, and realign
administrative services.
· Look for opportunities to privalize State progran~ otto
contract out State services. Allow "insourcing" so groups
of State employees can offer their own solutions to reduce
costs in programs that may otherwise be contracted out.
Target high-cost programs
· If the current litigation against the Alaska Longevity
Bonus is successful (ending the current phase-out),
eliminate the program.
· Change the Public School Foundation Formula to reduce
the growth in education spending. The required local
effort should be reexamined, as well as provisions that
allow school districts to obtain greater funding for special
category students regardless of the programs offered to
those students.
· Enact a welfare reform package to reduce dependency
on welfare programs and put current welfare recipients to
work.
· Revise fee schedules for services such as Honeers' Homes
to reflect cost and ability to pay.
· Examine areas of State spending with disproportionately
high costs when compared with other States and determine
whether there are legitimate reasons for such programs.
Shift revenues and responsibilities
to local governments
· Repeal the State mandate for senior citizens' and
veterans' property tax relief by local municipalities,
but allow local option to grant or withhold the exemption.
· Transfer a portion of State motor vehicle and motor fuel
tax receipts to local governments together with the respon-
sibility for class IH local road maintenance.
· Eliminate or shift some inspections to local governments
with the ability to collect fees for progranl support.
· Eliminate State general fund support of troopers for road
patrols in communities of more than 2,500, but allow com-
munities to continue retain such services if they are willing
to pay for them.
Avoid new costs
· Freeze issuance of certificates of need for new hospitals
and reassess need for additional nursing homes
Funds Which Affect The Fiscal Gap
· General funds, including program receipts
· Permanent Fund earnings
· Created by appropriation for specific purposes
or as a "holding account"
· Special revenue funds where specified in the
constitution or statute
· FUnds Which'Do NOt Affect The .Fiscal Gap
· . '.' · ;, Loan fund: administrative costs
· ' Loan amounts.
· University receiPts
· Internal service funds
· , Transfers between agencies for
contractual obligations, including interagency receipts
Funds Which Cannot Be Appropriated
To Other Purposes
· Federal funds
· Retirement funds
· Health insurance funds
· Trust funds
Increase Revenues
The Commission believes Alaska cannot balance its budget
responsibly without new revenues. The Commission has cho-
sen a short-term package of taxes on consumption that im-
poses real service costs on the state, with a longer-term plan of
reimposing the State personal income tax.
Increases to existing taxes include:
Tobacco taxes
· Increase tobacco taxes by $1 per pack on cigarettes and
comparable amounts on other tobacco products (raises
$43 million annually, beginning in FY97). This tax increase
will dramatically lower teenage smoking and tobacco use,
and should somewhat reduce tobacco use by adults, both
of which will reduce the State's future expenditures on
health care costs. The Commission recommends the taxes
increase 25 cents per pack every three years.
Alcohol taxes
· Increase alcohol taxes by an average of 10 cents per
drink (raises $20 million annually, beginning in FY97).
Testimony before the Commission indicated that a substan-
tial portion of the criminal justice system's costs -- for
police, prosecution, public defense, the courts, and the.
correctional system -- are a result of alcohol abuse. This
tax increase pays a small portion of the State's costs that
result from abuse of alcohol. The Commission recommends
also that taxes be equalized among beer, wine, and dis-
tilled spirits so that all alcohol users share in the tax bur-
den. We further recommend that alcohol taxes increase
every three years.
Over time, certain of Alaska's tax rates have fallen below
the national norms, or have not kept pace with inflation.
We recommend the following increases:
Motor fuel taxes
· Increase motor fuel tax increases from the 1961 level of
8 cents/gallon to the national median of 22 cents/gallon
(raises $39 million annually, beginning in FY98). This tax
should be indexed to inflation, so it rises as consumer
prices rise. The Commission believes these tax receipts
should be used to fund road maintenance efforts at the
State and local level.
"Marine motor fuel taxes
· Increase marine fuel taxes by 3 cents/gallon (raises $5
million annually, beginning in FY98). This tax should be
indexed to inflation, so it rises as consumer prices rise.
The Commission believes these tax receipts should be used
to fund port and harbor maintenance efforts at the State
and local level.
Motor vehicle license plates
· Double motor vehicle license fees and eliminate
exemptions (raises $29 million, beginning in FY98).
These fees are currently well below the national average.
Continued On Next Page
October 1995
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
FIN/U. REPORI
User fees
· Raise user fees by approximately $3 million annually
and index fees to inflation where practicable.
Fishery and other resource taxes
· Increase taxes on fisheries and other resources
by $30 million.
New taxes and changes to tax
apportionment include:
· Establish new taxes to generate at least $20 ntillion from
tourists. While the Commission was unable to reach consen-
sus on the precise method for gaining additional revenue from
tourists or the tourism industry, The Commission believes
this part of our economy does not fully pay for the State's
cost of providing infrastructure and support to the industry.
· The Commission believes the State's oil and gas produc-
tion property tax, currently set at 20 mills, should benefit
both the State and local governments affected by oil develop-
ment. State law should be amended to limit the local govern-
ment share to 10 mills on new oil and gas properties built
after 1995, ensuring the State receives at least 50 percent of
this revenue source.
The Commission considered additional taxes on the oil
industry. We found that Alaska is currently in the mid-range
of oil taxation nationally. We believe that Alaska is already
too dependent upon oil revenues, and that higher oil taxes
would create a disincentive to attract and retain petroleum
development in Alaska. We believe our plan for closing the
fiscal gap and providing a stable revenue and spending cli-
mate will ultimately result in increased petroleum revenues
as the industry responds by further investment in Alaska oil
exploration, development and production.
Establish the Permanent Fund
as an endowment
When the Permanent Fund was established in 1976, pub-
llc debate centered on setting aside a portion of today's oil
wealth to meet the needs of future generations of Alaskans.
Later, the Legislature adopted the dividend plan to heighten
public interest in preserving the fund and guarding its invest-
ment performance, and to directly distribute some of Alaska's
oil wealth to its citizens. The Commission believes it is time
to follow the original intent of the fund, preserving current
capital wealth for current and future generations of Alaskans.
The Commission believes the best method for doing this is to
follow traditional endowment principles. For our Perma-
nent Fund those principles include preservation of the fund,
the best possible level of performance of the fund, and the
preservation of Alaska's oil wealth for future generations of
Alaskans.
$2,500
$2,000
Today's Dollafl ]--
PF revenues to GF
~Oil revenues to GF
$1,500
$1,000
$500
$0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Our plan calls for the Permanent Fund to grow as an en-
dowment for the State.
· The plan establishes the Permanent Fund as an endow-
ment that pays up to four percent of the Fund's five-year aver-
age market value to the general fund for the dMdend pro-
gram and State services. This use of Permanent Fund earn-
ings will partially replace declining oil revenues. The Com-
mission recommends a four percent payout based on the ex-
perience of other endowment funds in the United States, and
takes into account the Permanent Fund's earning experience,
asset allocation, and need to protect the principal.
· Earnings of the Permanent Fund in excess of this four
percent payout rate are retained in the fund. Years with good
investment performance will, over the long run, balance years
with poor investment performance in order to more than fully
inflation-proof the fund.
· 'The plan calls for an increase to 50 percent of the mini-
mum contribution to the Permanent Fund from certain oil,
gas and mineral lease revenues. The plan calls for an amend-
ment to the constitution to achieve that increase.
· The endowment is further built up by a deposit from the
Permanent Fund Earnings Reserve and deposits of any funds
in excess of $1.5 billion in the Constitutional Budget Reserve.
Cap the Permanent Fund Dividend pool
The Permanent Fund Dividend program is an important
source of protection for the principal of the Permanent Fund
and it is important source of income to Alaskans. Without
changes to the program, however, dividends will grow to take
a major share of State revenues -- $965 million in 2005.
The Commission recommends:
· Reduce the total amount spent for the Permanent Fund
Dividend program from $565 million this year by $50 mil-
lion a year for three years.
· Individual dividends will be about $900 next year, $800
in 1997, and $700 in 1998.
Clarify the purpose of State's reserves
The State maintains two reserve funds that are important
in the effort to close the fiscal gap -- the Constitutional Bud-
get Reserve (CBR) and the Permanent Fund Earnings Reserve
Account (PFER). The CBR consists of funds received in settle-
ments of administrative proceedings or litigation regarding
mineral lease bonuses, rentals, royalties, royalty proceeds
and taxes. The PFER is a holding account into which is de-
posited all investment income until the transfers to principal
for inflation proofing and to the dividend fund are made.
Excess funds in the PFER are held and invested in tile same
manner as the principal of the Permanent Fund. The Com-
mission determined that under our plan the state needs only
one significant reserve.
· The CBR should be maintained at a level of $1.5 billion
to provide stability in the event of a rapid decline in oil prices
or production or in the event of a natural disaster. That
amount is approximately one year's oil revenues. Funds in
excess of that amount should be deposited into the principal
of the Permanent Fund. Earnings from CBR investment should
continue to flow into the CBR.
· Funds in the CBR should be invested in accordance with
the prudent investor rule based upon the purposes of the
reserve. The commission recommends that the general fund
be allowed to borrow against the CBR to even out the flow of
funds required to meet monthly cash flow needs.
· The sweep provisions in the current CBR should be elimi-
nated (Article X, Section 17 (d) of the Constitution). Suffi-
cient controls on the use and withdrawal of funds from the
CBR are achieved by limiting withdrawals from the fund to
make up for projected annual revenue declines rather than
availability of funds.
· Once the constitutional amendment establishing the Per-
manent Fund as an endowment is in place in FY98, all funds in
the Permanent Fund Earnings Reserve should be deposited into
the principal of the Permanent Fund. As an endowment, the
Permanent Fund will be effectively inflation-proofed. The divi-
dends will be payable out of the automatic annual withdrawal.
Reform the budget process
The commission found the budget process does not yield
Continued On Next Page
October 1995
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
FINAL REPORI
How Big Is The Fiscal Gap?
$524 Million in Ftscal Year 1996
· Equal to all the salaries and benefits paid to all state agency employees
· Almost as much as the whole Permanent Fund dividend program
· It equals three-quarters of the entire K-12 public school funding program
Continued From Previous Page
adequate information concerning the State's finances, nor
does it describe what we get for what we spend. It discour-
ages appropriate scrutiny of overall State spending. Although
the fiscal gap relates to State general fund spending, special
funds set aside or collected affect services delivered by the
State and require oversight and control.
· The budget process should include review of all State
spending, not just State general funds. The executive and
legislative branches should establish procedures to provide
appropriate scrutiny and disclosure.
· A report to the public should be prepared annually on
progress toward closing the fiscal gap. The Commission sug-
gests the spreadsheet format it has used to show the exist-
ence or absence of a fiscal gap for the current and succeed-
ing 10 years.
* The legislature should review each program funded or
operated by the Slate, including loans and special appropria-
tions to determine whether or not it meets its intended pur-
pose and whether the program is needed in the 21st century.
State programs should also be reviewed to determine if the
service is better delivered at the local level.
,, Capital improvement funding should be based on a six-
year plan to achieve greater efficiencies in funding, planning,
construction and maintenance.
The Commission was asked to examine the division of re-
sponsibility for providing services and raising revenues be-
tween the State and local governments. This area deserves
intensive examination, substantially more than the Commis-
sion had time to give it. The Commission believes that the
State and local governments must continue to work on the
issue of the division of State and local responsibilities.
The five- and ten-year plan
In 1999, Alaska comes to a fork in the road. To prevent the
fiscal gap from reappearing, we can cut the budget further,
reinstitute the State personal income tax, increase other taxes,
and/or further reduce dividends. The Commission recom-
mends that a follow-up review be done in late 1998 and early
1999 to adjust the overall plan as needed for the succeeding
five to ten years. By that time the budget should balance and
we will know more about several things that are now uncer-
tain such ANWR, the gas line and federal budget changes As
a result, decisions for the first decade of the next century will
be less dependent on speculation.
This Commission recommends reimposition of the State
personal income tax once the deficit reappears. Under the
Commission's plan, after cutting spending and raising rev-
enues, the fiscal gap reappears in about the year 2002. A
personal income tax act will require enactment in the year
2000 in order for it to take effect in 2002.
First Session Progress Report
on the Financial Plan
Legislation
1. Resolution approving financial plan.
2. Permanent fund endowment constitutional
amendment goes to the voters.
3. Constitutional budget reserve constitutional
amendment goes to the voters.
4. Retirement incentive program.
5. Tier III to reduce retirement costs for new hires.
6. Geographic pay differential for non-covered
employees.
7. Road/harbor transfers to local government
and fuel tax increases.
8. Senior/veterans tax exemption becomes local option.
9. New oil & gas property tax has 50/50 split
before debt
10. Tobacco tax increase.
11. Alcohol tax increase.
12. User Fee increases of at least $3 million
Budget Action 1. Meet fiscal gap target (about $390 million);
$40 million cut from FY96.
2. Show all funds in State spending plan.
3. Deposit from CBR into Permanent Fund as in plan.
4. Administrative consolidations.
5. Six year capital plan approved.
6. Show Permanent Fund earnings and dividends
as part of budget.
7. Do maintenance and deferred maintenance
within budget target.
8. Start performance based budgeting.
9. Reduce growth rate of Medicaid and AFDC.
Second Session Progress Report
Legislative Action
1. Fisheries and other resource tax.
2. Tourism tax or self-support of industry promotion.
3. Deposit from CBR to Permanent Fund as in plan.
4. Additional $3 million in fee increases/indexing.
Budget Action
1. Meet fiscal gap target of about $220 miJlion;
$70 million cut from FY96.
Third Session Progress Report
Legislative Action
1. Resolution creating financial planning Commission
to review progress and make new recommendations.
Budget Action
1. Meet fiscal gap target of about $60 million;
$100 million cut from FY96.
What The Plan Does
· Makes the Permanent Fund the cornerstone of Alaska's fiscal future
· Closes the fiscal gap by the year 2000
· Ensures growth of the Permanent Fund to offset
declining oil and gas revenues
· Stabilizes and diversifies revenues
· Controls state general fund spending
· Maintains a reserve to dampen the effect of oil price swings
· Decreases our dependence on volatile oil revenues
October l995 · ?
State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Report
FIN/U. REPORI
(Today's Dollars)
LONG-RANGE FINANCIAL PLANNING COMMISSION FY 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
AVAILABLE REVENUES ($ Millions):
General Fund Source
Permanent Fund Earnings (Net of inflation proofing & ERA deposits)
NEW TAXES AND FEES ($Millions)
Highway Motor Fuel Tax (@ $.219/ga1., indexed)
Marine Motor Fuel Tax ($.08/gaL indexed)
Tobacco Tax ($1/pkg cigs; 75%/chewing; +25¢ triennially)
Motor vehicle license fees (double)
User fee increases
Fishery and other resource tax increases
Tourism tax increases
Alcohol taxes (increase triennially)
Income tax
1,952 1,882 1,669 1,641 1,607 1,575 1,509 1,464 .1,414 1,362
565 500 630 648 677 700 727 759 785 810
38 39 39 40 41 41 42 43 43
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6
42 41 40 50 49 48 57 56 55
27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24
3 6 8 11 13 12 12 12 11
28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19
19 19 19 22 22 22 21 25 25
58 224 227 23O
TOTAL REVENUE 2,517 2,490 2,483 2,475 2,485 2,478 2,495 2,656 2,639 2,614
EXPENDITURES ($ Millions):
Total GF spending on current programs
PF Dividends
2,476 2,365 2,264 2,167 2,118 2,135 2,152 2,169 2,186 2,204
565 500 438 378 367 356 345 334 324 314
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
3,041 2,865 2,702 2,546 2,485 2,490 2,496 2,503 2,510 2,517
PROJECTED ANNUAL FISCAL GAP ($ Ymlons)
(524) (37'6) (219) (71) 1 02) __{1) 153 129 97 J
CONSTITUTIONAL BUDGET RESERVE ENDING BALANCE ($ Millions)
PERMANENT FUND EARNINGS RESERVE ENDING BALANCE
PERMANENT FUND MARKET VALUE ($ Millions)
PER CAPITA PERMANENT FUND DIVIDEND
PER CAPITA SPENDING
1,500 1,456 1,412 1,368 1,326 1,285 1,245 1,207 1,170 1,134
922 1,194
17,766 17,625 19,391 20,131 20,804 21,459 22,110 22,897 23,657 24,379
990 852 727 611 582 553 526 501 475 452
4,938 4,579 4,250 3,941 3,786 3,735 3,685 3,636 3,589 3,543
Special Acknowledgements
The membersof the Long Range Financial Planning Commission acknowledge with thanks the
contribution of its staff: Brad Pierce, Mdlssa Fou~e, and Bob Waish. Thanks are due also to
House Speaker Gall Phillips, Representative Richard Foster, and OMB Director Annalee McConnell
for sharing their staff resources with the Commission.
In addition, the members of the Commission acknowledge the contributions of the Alaska
Journal of Commerce and Northwest Strategies In procludng this report.
The State Long Range Financial Planning Commission Members
Brian Rogers
Fairbanks
Chairman
Judy Brady
Anchorage
Vice-Chair
Lee Gorsuch
Anchorage
Sen. Georgianna Lincoln
Rampa~
Robert Loescher
Juneau
Bruce Ludwig
Juneau
Annalee McConnell
Juneau
Hugh Motley
Cooper Landing
Rep. Mike Navarre
Kenai
Mary Nordale
Fairbanks
Mike O'Conner
Anchorage
Rep. Sean Pamell
Anchorage
Pat Pourchot
Anchorage
Sen. Steve Rieger
Anchorage
Marie Westfall
Ketchikan
ell
System of Snstainable State Spending
How government is financed in Alaska
· The State enloys an endowment composed of the revenue from the sale and taxation of
natural resources, and of the income from the investment of that revenue.I
· A substantial part of-the endowment is available for appropriation.2
A problem
· The size of the spendable part of the endowment varies considerably because of the short
and long-term Huctuation of the natural resource revenue that feeds it.
· When that part of the endowment expands, the Legislature spends freely from it.
· When it shrinks, the spending can't be continued at the accustomed level.
· Then state programs are curtailed.
· And the economy, which in Alaska is dependent on continuous state spending, suffers.3
The remedy
· Replace the present system with one under which the Legislature would have to spend
from the endowment at a sustainable rate?
A proposed system
· The endowment is formalized.5
· It is invested for long-term capital appreciation.
· Every year, the amount that it's expected to grow, from investment only, is spent,s
· That rate of spending is the highest sustainable.?
{'see reverse)
I That's what the federal government intended when it gave the natural resources to the State. It was
understood that. in addition to the taxing power that every state has. Alaska would need wealth to pay for
government. Several funds embody the endowment, which has not been formalized, the Budget Reserve
Fund. the Earnings Reserve Account. the Alaska Pei"manent Fund and the General Fund.
2 The part that is not available for appropriation is the Alaska Permanent Fund.
3 Spending was curia 1986. The economy collapsed.
"In this outline, rate of spending is amount spent per year. The rate is sustainable if it's reasonable to
expect that ~t generally won't decrease, in real (inflation-adjusted) terms.
5 That would define natural resource revenue, put all of the endowment's assets into a single fund (the
Alaska Permanent Fund) and generally prohibit appi"opriation fi-om the endowment
6 The amount of expected growth from investment is a function of a fixed rate of real growth from
investment and value of the endowment. A fixed rate of real growth from investment is determined by
assunung a rate of total return on investment and a rate of inflation. Value of the endowment is the
average of its market value at the end of each of a prescribed number of preceding calendar periods.
? Highest. because spending more than the real growth expected from investment could make the
-endowment too dependent on lluctuating natural resource revenue. Sustainable, because it's reasonable to
expect that the size of the endowment, ns averaged, generally won't decrease, in real terms. (In a given
year the size of the endowment would decrease, at least in real terms, if the real growth from investment
were less than the amount spent and if that year's natural resource revenue didn't make up the
difference.)
The principal advantage of the proposed system
· it l,~ much le,~,~ hkely that periodic curtailment oi' state programs, and the resulting
economic busts, would occur.
Another advantage
· A meaningful budget becomes feasible, because during the budgetary process the
Legislature would know how much money is available for spendLng.8
Transition
· During a period of many years the rate of spending from the endowment would be
gradually decreased, at least in inflation-adjusted terms, to the rate that is the highest
sustainable.9
· The length of the period would be determined with the objective of providing the most
money for spending and yet allowing the endowment to increase in size.fo
I mple mentation
· The proposed system and transition require a constitutional amendment.~!
Obstacles to implementation
· Tl~e temotation to keeo on soendin_~ from the endowmen~ itt an unsustainable rate rather
than face the cuts that adootion of the orooosed system would entail. 12
· The misconception that the proposed system would eliminate the dividend program,ts
Roger Ctemo- 1/1/96
~) Except for what comes from sources ou~ide the endowment, but that's easy to forecast.
9 A transition is necessary because the current rate of spending is much greater than what is sustainable.
not only in terms of the ,~pend~ble part butof the entire endowment.
I 0 Incongruously. ~ determination of the length of the transitional period must be based, in part. on the
official forecast of natural resource revenue.
11 Constitutional amendments are proposed by the Legislature and ~pproved by the people
12 Nominally. the cuts would be shallow (if revenue from sources outside the endowment is modestly
increased and the transitional period is not too short).. In real terms they would be deep. However. unlike
the devastatingly abrupt cuts that might occur under the present system, they would be gradual.
13 That program, llke other governmental programs, is not constitutionally protected. Both now and under
wb~t'~ prnpoe~d, it i~ for the L~gi~ln~ure to decid~ whether tn continue it Un(tar the prolme~d ey~tem.
howe,'er, it may have a better chance of surviving cuts in spending.
Present System of St:te Spending
Endowment
INatural Resources
Permanent Fund
B~t
I
~~~ Fund General Fund~
unsustalnable income
iPeople I
unsusteinable spending
System of Sustainable State Spending
Endowment
~ Permanent Fund ~//
sustainable Income
I General Fun.I
I
sustainable spending
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF ALASKA
tpropo.eed am en dm en
ARTICLE IX, SECTION 15 - ALASKA PERMANENT FUND
(a) Eevenue derived by the State
(1) from the disposition, by the State or the United States, of land, minerals, forestial
resources or biological marine resources; and
(2) from taxes
(A) on the reservation, production, transportation or processing of those natural
resources; and
(B) on property used in, or corporate income from, the exploration, production,
transportation or processing of those natural resources; and
($) from claims, against the United States or others, for deprivation of that revenue, or that
land or those natural resources
constitutes the Alaska Permanent Fund, which is invested and reinvested for long-term capital
appreciation. Investment income, including realized capital appreciation, is retained in the fund
and reinvested. Investments are made in accordance with standards prescribed by law.
(b) Money in the fund cannot be appropriated. Every fiscal year an amount equal to ~
percent of the average of the fund's market value at the end of each of the quarters of the
calendar years immediately preceding is permanently withdrawn from the fund and
is appropriable.
(c) Oil, gas, coal, sand, gravel, stone and water are considered to be among the minerals that are
the subject of (a).
ARTICLE XV. SECTION 29 - ALASKA PERMANENT FUND TRANSITION
(a) The percentage prescribed in Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, for determining
the amount of money withdrawn annually from the Alaska Permanent Fund, is inapplicable in
fiscal years 1998 through 20 In the first year of that period the applicable percentage is
It decreases each fiscal year thereafter, geometrically, until the first year
after that period, when it attains its permanent value.
(b) The assets of the Budget Reserve Fund (Article IX, Section 17) and the Earnings Reserve
Account {AS 37.13.145) are added to the fund on the effective date of this section. For the
purpose of determ_i_n_i_n_g the average of the fund's market value, as required by Article IX,
Section 15, as amended in 1996, those assets are treated as if they had been added to the fund
three years t~efore tl~e period in (a).
(c) In addition to the revenue and investment income described in Article IX, Section 15, as
amended in 1996. the fund consists of the assets carried on its books on the effective date of
this section and the assets added by (b).
(d) Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, does not affect other dedications permitted by
Section 7 of that article. ~
(e) Article IX, Section 15, as amended in 1996, and this section are effete July 1, 1997.
ARTICLE X¥, SECTION 30 - REPEAL
Article IX, Sections 16 & 17, and Article XV, Sections 27 & 28 are repealed. This section is
bffective July 1. 1997.
~ndowment
Note~
~ The State has an endowment, which presently contains the natural
resource revenue and investment income that have accumulated in various funds,
principally the Alaska Permanent Fund, the Earnings Reserve Account and the
Budget Reserve Fund. In the proposed system the endowment is housed in the
Alaska Permanent Fund, to which the contents of the other funds ("reserves") are
transferred at the beginning of fiscal 1998. For the purpose of determining the
endowment's value in and after 1998 (see "Value of the endowment"), the
transfers are treated here as if they had been made in 1995. In the future, all
natural resource revenue is added to the endowment and all investment income
remains in the endowment.
Assigned values. The values assigned here to transitional withdrawal rates, length
of the transition, final withdrawal rate, rate of total return and rate of inflation
should be taken as illustrative only. Thus, for example, the system will work
whether the final withdrawal rate is six percent or five percent.
Value of the endowment. The average market value of the endowment at the end
of a prescribed number of preceding calendar periods (here three fiscal years) is
the basis for determining the amount that is withdrawn from it for spending. Since
the Permanent Fund Corporation does not report market projections, it is assumed
that the unrealized appreciation component ($1.7 billion) of the Alaska Permanent
Fund's value at the end of fiscal 1995 will not change throughout the three-year
period before fiscal 1998.
Natural resource revenue. The natural resource revenue is deposited into the
endowment when it is received (here each year's receipts are treated as if they are
deposited at the beginning of the year). Projections for the years after 2015 are
based on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Withdrawal from the endowment. The amount withdrawn from the endowment
for spending in a fiscal year is a function of the withdrawal percentage and the
endowment's value. Withdrawals are made as the money is needed for spending
during the fiscal year (here withdrawals are treated as if they are made at the
beginning of the fiscal year).
I I t I I I I I I I I I I I t I I I I I I I I I I I I
~~oooooooooooooooooooooooo~
Fisc. alGap
(present s3'stem)
Notes
Fiscal eao. The fiscal gap is the difference between projected income and anticipated
expense. When a year in which there is a gap is reached, that gap must be closed by
enhancing revenue, reducing expense or using reserves, or any combination thereof.
Natural resource revenue (1). This does not include the part (10-15%) that goes into the
Alaska Permanent Fund.
Conventional revenue (2 }. Here, conventional revenue is all revenue other than natural
resource revenue and the income of the Alaska Permanent Fund. Projections for the years
after 2015 are based on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Permanent Fund income (3). This is the income of the Alaska Permanent Fund, after
inflation-proofing, with the rate of return assigned here. The fund's rate of total return
does not apply, since it is assumed that all of the fund's appreciation is not taken into
income. Incidentally, that rate of total return probably would be less than the rate of total
return of the endowment under the proposed system, given the difference in investment
objectives.
Antici0ated exoense (~), This is a typical estimate of how much might appropriately be
spent if sufficient income were available. When compared with projected income, it
serves to define the fiscal gap as it appears before revenue is enhanced and expense
reduction is planned. For 1996, it is approximately what has been budgeted. For 1997, it
is assumed to be unchanged. Thereafter, it increases at the rate of inflation.
Enhanced conventional revenue (8). For 1998, enhanced conventional revenue is equal to
the conventional revenue projected for 1997, increased at the rate of enhancement.
Thereafter, it increases each year at that rate.
Planned exoense ( 11 ). This is anticipated expense (5), reduced according to a typical plan
to cut spending. For 1998, it is equal to anticipated expense (5) for 1997, increased at a
rate equal to the rate of inflation tempered by the rate of reduction. Thereafter, it
increases each year at that tempered rate. Thus, if anticipated expense for 1997 were
$100, the rate of inflation were 3.5% and the rate of reduction were 1%, planned expense
for 1998 would be $102.50.
Soend {13), The amount spent depends on whether income (10) and reserves, combined,
are adequate. If they are, the planned amount is spent. If not, the amount spent is equal
to income and reserves.
IIIIfll
~0~0000000000000000000000000
FiscalGap
(proposed system )
Notes
~ The fiscal gap is the deference between projected income and
anticipated expense. When a year in which there is a gap is reached, that gap must
be closed by enhancing revenue, reducing expense or using reserves, or any
combination thereof.
Conventional revenue (2). Here, conventional revenue is the revenue derived from
all sources outside the endowment. Projections for the years after 2015 are based
on an unofficial extension of the trend before that.
Anticioated ex0¢nse (4). This is a typical estimate of how much might
appropriately be spent if sufficient income were available. When compared with
projected income, it serves to define the fiscal gnp ns it appears before revenue is
enhanced and expense reduction is planned. For 1996, it is approximately what has
been budgeted. For 1997, it is assumed to be unchanged. Thereafter, it increases at
the rate of inflation.
Enhanced conventional revenue (7). For 1998, this is equal to the conventional
revenue projected for 1997, increased at the rate of enhancement. Thereafter, it
increases ench year at that rate. Enhancement is included here only to illustrate the
effect that it has on income and is not part of the proposed system.
Income (8). Income consists of the the enhanced conventional revenue and the
amount withdrawn from the endowment. It is the amount available for financing
government, including its dividend program.
~pend ( 11 ). As planned, the amount spent is equal to income.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
TABLE 1
FEE REQUIREMENTS
(Fees rounded to nearest $100)
NEW FACILITY PERMITS
Estimated
Hours
Estimated Required Maximum
Total Fee Advance Fee*
Class I MSWLF 100
Class II MSWLF 60
Off Site Drilling Waste
(18 AAC 60.430) 100
On Site Drilling Wastes
(18 AAC 60.430) 40
Asbestos (18 AAC 60.450) 40
Mining (18 AAC 60.455) 100
Large Inert (18 AAC 60.460) 80
Small Inert (18 AAC 60.460) 25
Sewage Solids
(18 AAC 60.470) 40
One Time S. Solids
(18 AAC 60.470) 25
Wood (18 AAC 60.480) 40
Plan Storage Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(h) 30
Plan Treatment Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(i) 30
Plan Transfer Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(g) 30
Closure Plan 30
New General Permits***
(18 AAC 60.255(c) 40
Coverage under
General Permit****
(18 AAC 60.255(e) 15
7,1 O0 3,500 10,500
4,300 2,100 6,400
7,100 3,500 10,500
2,800 1,400 4,200
2,800 1,400 4,200
7,100 3,500 10,500
6,000 3,000 9,000
1,800 900 2,700
2,800 1,400 4,200
1,800 900 2,700
2,800 1,400 4,200
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,800 1,400 4,200
1,000 500 1,500
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
Review of plans that are not part of a larger permitted facility
Costs associated with writing a general permit requested by one or more applicants
Costs associated with coverage under a general permit that has already been approved
-6-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
FACILITY PERMIT RENEWALS OR UPGRADES
Estimated Estimated Required Maximum
Hours Total Fee Advance Fee*
Major Facility**
First renewal after / /96 80 5,600 2,800 ' 8,400
Subsequent renewals 40 2,800 1,400 4,200
Minor Facility***
First renewal after / /96 6 500 250 750
Subsequent renewals 3 250 125 375
All others
First renewal after / /96 30 2,200 1,100 3~200
Subsequent renewals 15 1,100 550 1,650
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
Major Facility includes Class I MSWLF, mine permits, or offsite drilling waste disposal
Minor Facility refers to coverage under a general permit, or a small inert waste facility.
FACILITY PERMIT MODIFICATIONS OR AMENDMENTS
(made during the life of the permit)
Estimated
Hours
All Modifications 8
Estimated Required Maximum
Total Fee Advance Fee*
500 250 750
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
FACILITY INSPECTIONS*
Estimated Estimated Estimated Maximum
No. Per Year** Hours Total Fee Fee/Year**
Class I MSWLF 4 15 1,1 O0 4,400
Class II MSWLF 2 15 1,1 O0 2,200
Mining 1 15 1,1 O0 1,1 O0
Large Inert 1 15 1,1 O0 1,1 O0
Others 1 8 570 570
No advance is required for an inspection
Maximum fee applies only to routine inspections. It does not include an inspection made
because of significant or continuing noncompliance resulting in or required because of a
notice of violation, compliance order, compliance order by consent, or other enforcement
action.
-7-
TOWN HALL MEETING
JANUARY 25, 1996
7:00 P.M.
KENM SENIOR CENTER
OPENING REMARKS - Presentation by Legislators, if available
PRESENTATION OF GOVERNOR'S BUDGET ADDRESS AND GRAPHS (Alaska State
Chamber of Commerce Analysis)
PRESENTATION OF FISCAL GAP COMMITYEE REPORT
EFFECTS ON CITY AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT -- CUTS AND TRANSFERS
TO MUNICIPALITIES -- REVENUE SHARING SHORTFALLS FOR CITY OF KENAI
REMARKS BY GUESTS:
MIKE BURNS - KEY BANK
ROGER CREMO
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1791 o 199! ~
CITY OF KENAI.
'az o(
210 Fidalgo, Suite 200
~.Alaska 99611-7794
· ~ Phone 907-283-7535
Fax 907-283-3014
TO
FROM
Date
Nmber of Pages
ASHLEY:
JOHN ASKED THAT YOU BE NOTIFIED THAT AN
APPOINTMENT WITH THE GOVERNOR HAS BEEN
SCHEDULED:
JANUARY 24, 1996 - 2:50 TO 3:10 P.M.
· JOHN WOULD ALSO LIKE DETAILS FOR TRIP TO DC. IF
YOU WERE SERIOUS ABOUT HIM GOING, HE NEEDS TO
KNOW DATES FOR THE TRIP, HOTEL INFORMATION (IF
ANY), ETC. PLEASE ADVISE.
JOHN WANTED TO REMIND YOU ABOUT YOUR
BREAKFAST ON TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1996 AT 7:30 A.M.
AT THE BARANOF.
CITY OF KENAI
MEMORANDUM
210 FIDALGO AVE., SUITE 200 KENAI, ALASKA 99611-7794
TELEPHONE 907-283-7535
FAX 907-283-3014 ~
1992
TO:
Senator Judy Salo
Senator John Torgerson
Representative Mike Navarre
Representative Gary L. Davis
Representative Gail Phillips
FROM: Carol L. Freas,~City Clerk (283-7539)
City of Kenai ~
//
DATE: January 19, 1996
RE:
TOWN HALL MEETING
City of Kenai
As Mayor Williams has discussed with several of you, the Kenai City Council will be
holding a Town Hall Meeting on January 25, 1996 at the Kenai Senior Center. The
meeting will begin at 7:00 p.m. Discussion will include the State of Alaska Fiscal Gap
and what effects it may have on Kenai Peninsula communities.
We would appreciate your participation. To that end, Tom Ackerly has arranged for the
use of the Fahrenkamp Room where you will be connected to our meeting by
teleconference phone.
WE LOOK FORWARD TO HEARING FROM YOU DURING OUR JANUARY 25, 1996
TOWN HALL MEETING.
Securing Alaska's Fiscal
Future
The Growing Fiscal Gap
AlaskanS for A Plan
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap: Are
We Crying Wolf?
· in 1989, ISER projected a gap starting in FY
89
· By FY 94, t~e gap would grow to $1 billion
· In FY 92, a Wcrash landing" was predicted
Why are we still flying? Is a
crash inevitable?
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap
· ISER's predictions in 1989 were:
~ Slightly high on oil prices
,, Accurate on oil production volume
,, Low on state revenues
~ Accurate on expenditures
So, Why Hasn't Alaska
Crashed?
Answer: Oil and Gas
Settlements
Opportunity for a Mid-
Course Correction: Adopt
a Long Range Fiscal Plan
Tools to Make Ends Meet
............. ~'~.;;4:i~::.:i:i:~i:i&.i:~:~.~: :.&:i&.i:i:..i&:i&:~:~ .... - ........
· Spending cuts
· Increased taxes and user fees
· Increased revenues through economic
development
· Use reserves
· Use Permanent Fund income
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Spending Cuts
.......... ~.~-,..~,~..~:.~:i:~:i~.:~.i>;~&&:~&:.&:i...:..:..~:~:i:~~.~..~. ~ - .........
· Alaska spends more than twice as much per
capita as the national average
· Education, cdminal prosecution, correctional
facilities, and road maintenance are primarily
state-provided in Alaska, while are typically
provided by local governments in other
jurisdictions
· Alaska has unique programs, such as PF
dividends, Longevity Bonus, and Pioneer
Homes
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Taxes
· Finances for a "typical" state
. Personal income tax
- Mostly used to finance state governmem
~ Sales tax
- Mostly used to finance state government
~ Properly tax
- Mostly used to finance local government and local
schools
Tools to Make Ends Meet: Sales
and Income Taxes
· States with no state sales tax:
. Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire,
Oregon
· States with no personal income tax:
,, Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas,
Washington, Wyoming
· States with no state sales tax and no
personal income tax:
~ Alaska
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Personal Income Tax
· Earned income in Alaska economy
* $11 billion
· Portion earned by non-residents
~ $1 billion
~ if $300 million is raised from an income tax, $30
million would come lrom non-residenls
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Personal Income Tax
® If $300 million is raised from an income tax:
- $213 million in direct spending is removed from
the Alaska economy; $75 million in secondar7
spending is removed from the Alaska economy
,, 3,700 jobs would be lost by removing this direct
spending from the economy
2
Tool to Make Ends Meet:
Sales Tax
........... ....~............~,.~,~::;~:i~$i:i:~i. Li~i:i:i~i~i:i3 :i:i:;~:~:~.i~i~i~i:~:!~i:i~i:~i:i:i:i~,.,×.~,: .........
· Volume of Alaska sales of goods and
services
- $9 billion
· Sales tax is more regressive than personal
income tax
· Typical sales taxes exempt retail food sales,
and health and social services
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Sales
Tax
· A 1% tax on retail trade and services would
raise $59 million
· A 4% sales tax would raise $236 million:
- $20 million from non-residents
~ $215 million in direct spending removed from the
Alaska economy; $75 million in secondmy
spending removed from the Alaska economy
,~ Total spending reductions of $290 million results in
the lost of 3,500 jobs
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Excise
Taxes
· Highway Motor Fuel
. Each 1 cent/gallon increases results in $2.9 million
in additional revenues
· Tobacco
- Each 1 cent/pac~: increase results in $500,000 in
additional revenues
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Excise
Taxes
· Alcohol
~ Each 50 cent/gallon increase in liquor tax results
in $550,000 in additional revenues
- Each 5 cent/gallon increase resulls in $62,500 in
additional revenues
,, Each lcent/g~llon increase in beer tax resulls in
$136,000 in revenues
Tool to Make Ends Meet: Use
Reserves
~_ ~..~.~:~:~::;.~.~::.:.i~;:i:i~i:.:i.i.:.:;i;i~i;i:i:~:~:~:.::~:i~i~i~i~.~.`.. ........
· Constitutional Budget Reserve (CBR) Fund
projected to have $2.3 billion balance by
June, 1997
· If continue to spend CBR to fill the gap, state
warrants will bounce on October 31,2000
when CBR balance hits zero
Proposed Long Range Plans
-----~ `.~.~.~..~.~:~<<.:~.~:~:~.~i.~:::~:~:~:i:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:k:~ ~.....:.:.:.~.:~ ~_~.~_ _ _ _
· Endowment Plan
· "Rieger Plan"
· "Cremo Plan"
· "Rose Plan"
3
Endowment Plan
......... -_,- _~_~._.,t,!.:..~~...::.:~:~:~:~:~:i:~:i:::~.i:i`~`i.::~:~:~:i:i:i::;.;:.>~;i:i:i:i~.:.::~!.~.-`~`~- _-_- ............
· Recommended by Long Range Financia~
Planning Commission
· Recommendations include:
- Cut state spending
,, Increase revenues
- Establish the Permanent Fund as an endowment
,, Cap the Permanent Fund dividend pool
Endowment Plan: Cut Spending
· Cut $100 million over 3 years (nominal
dollars)
~ $40 million in FY 97
~ $30 million in FY 98
~ $30 million in FY 99
· In today's buying power, this equals: ~ $300 million reduction
- A 5% per year reduction in existing state programs
and services
Endowment Plan:
How to Cut Spending
-,~ ~;.::i;i:~;~;~:~;~;~:~:~;:;~:~:::~;~;~;~;~i~;~~;.;.; .......
· State employee salaries and benefits ,, Adopt a Retirement Incentive Program
,, Reduce retirement benefits for new employees
· Consolidate administrative support functions
· Reduce growth in formula-driven programs
· Make property tax exemption program a local
option instead of unfunded state mandate
· Review opportunities for privatization,
contracting out, out-sourcing and in-sourcing
Endowment Plan:
Increase Revenues
· Tobacco and alcohol tax increase ~ $1 per pack o! cigarettes
,, Double alcohol taxes to about 10 cents a drink
· Highway motor fuel tax increase
~ Increase from lowest in U.S. (8 cents~gallon) to
national average (22 cents)
· Double motor vehicle license fees
· Establish tourism industry taxes
· Income tax re-instated when gap reappears
(FY 02)
Endowment Plan:
Permanent Fund is Cornerstone
· Establish PF as an endowment
, Sets payout rate o! 4% o! the average market
value for the preceding 5 years
· Increase dedicated percentage of royalties
and bonuses from 25% to 50%
· Requires constitutional amendment approved
by voters
· PF Earnings Reserve deposited into the Fund
once endowment established
Endowment Plan:
Cap PF Dividend
· Step down the dividend payment
~ Current year payments lotal $565 million
- cuts the dividend pool by $50 million in eacn of next 3
years
- Dividend payment amounts:
- $990 1995
- $900 1996
- $8oo 1997
- Dividend pool capped
- Frozen at $415 million; individual dividen~ ar'nc~nt no
Icng~ tied to Fund's performance
4
Endowment Plan:
Reserve Funds
............ . ~ ..~.-~..~:~:i:i:2:~:~.:i:i.i:~:i~i:i:~:i:~:i:~:2:~:i:i:~:i~..~ .... - .......
· Constitutional Budget Reserve Purpose
Changed
~ $1.5 billion balance maintained to be tapped only
to cover oil price fluctuations: excess balance
deposited into PF
~ Requires constitutional amendment approved by
voters
· PF Earnings Account eliminated; current
balance deposited into PF when endowment
established
"Cremo Plan"
................ ;~,,;~:i:i~. ;i;~;~;i:i;i:~:~:~.~:~:i::..:.:i:~:i:~:~:~~ ~ ~.....-,,.~. ~
· Dedicate all existing natural resource
revenues to the PF
* Windlalls (ANWR) automatically go into PF
· Pays out an annual revenue stream to be
available for state spending
~ Di~erence between spending and payout would be
made up with conventional revenues
- If 4% payout rate adol2ted, in FY 98 would be $1.7 million
deficit which would gradually disappear
· Constitutional amendment so needs voter
approval
"Rieger Plan" (SB 51)
· Change distribution of PF earnings
- Payout of PF earnings based on real earnings of
PF inslead of nominal
- Fund is automatically inflation ~roofed
- Remainder of earnings is split equally between generate
fund and PF dividends
· Same taxes, fee increases, and spending
cuts as endowment---except no income tax
· Reserve funds are available for spending
· No voter approval required
"Rose Plan"
· Uses Constitutional Budget Reserve Fund to
fill gap
~ Takes $2.5 billion in unrealized capital gains out ot
PF principal and deposits it into CBR
- Caps PF dividend pool at last year's level
~ Net PF income deposited into CBR
· Gap reappears in FY 05 and grows
· By FY 05, $10 billion in liquid reserves on the
table
AlaskanS for A Plan
5
Revenues and Expenditures
billion $
4,000
2,000
1,000
1996 1997 t998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Fiscal Year
DQR Revenues
FY96 Expenditures w/3% growth
LRFPC Revenues
LRFPC Expenditures
Source: Draft LRFPC Report; DOR Spring 1995 Revenue
~Forecast: OI~"IB FY96 Spending Plan; DOR expenditure projectionj
~-/'24/1995
Revisiting the Fiscal Gap:
Oil & Gas Settlements
million $
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
80O
600
400
200
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Fiscal Year
I
.~rowth of State Government: FY79
to FY96-Full Time Employees
(Programs as Located Currently)
Law-Oil & Gas
Mil & Vet Affairs
Law-Criminal
Governor
Comm & Reg Aff
Law-Civil
Legislature
Commerce
Education
Revenue
Env Cons
Natural Res
Courts
Labor
Fish & Game
Pub Safety
Admin-Oper
Corrections
Health & SS
Trans & PF
University
0
1,000
FY79
FY96
Full Time Employees
11,358
17,511
FY79
Increase to FY96
2,000
# of employees
3,000 4,000
II
Growth of State Government:
FY79 to FY96
(Programs as Located Currently)
Trans & PF
Revenue
Fish & Game
Education
Admin-Oper
Governor
University
Labor
Mil & Vet Afl
Comm & Reg Afl
Pub Safety
Health & SS
Courts
Natural Res
Env Cons
Law-Civil
Legislature
Law-Criminal
Commerce
Corrections
Product of
Population
GroWth &
inflation
o
50 100 150 200 250 300
Percent Growth in General Fund $
Growth of State Government:
FY79 to FY96
(Programs as Located Currently)
Governor
Admin-Oper
Labor
3omm & Reg Afl
Education
Law-Civil
Pub Safety
Courts
Trans & PF
Revenue
Fish & Game
Legislature
Law-Criminal
University
Natural Res
Health & SS
Commerce
Env Cons
vlil & Vet Affairs
Corrections
Product Of
population
GroWth &
Inflation
0
50 100 150 200 250
Percent Growth in Total $
393
,445
,631
300
II I
Projected Constitutional Budget
Reserve Fund Balance
million $
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1995
October 31, 2000
I i I t
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Calendar Year
DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEAL~
DIRECTOR'S OFFICE
555 CORDOVA STREET
ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501
Dear Interested Party: Xd.d~.~i}....x
Telephone: (907) 269-7644
Fax: (907) 269-7654
TONY KNOWLES, GOVERNOR
Enclosed you will find a copy of the revised proposal for solid waste fees. The proposal is
now out for public comment. The fee structure as proposed has been significantly revised based
on the comments we received during the last public comment period. We believe that we have
addressed the concerns expressed, and will look forward to your comments.
There were a number of common concerns expressed on the last proposal. They were:
~' applicants and permittees should pay for only the services they receive, and not subsidize any
other operation;
there needed to be a cap on the total fee the department would charge;
~' $91/hour was too high;
"per ton" fee was unfairly burdensome to the hard rock mining industry;
~' class III municipal landfills not associated with an industrial camp should get some kind of
financial break; and
the regulations were not clear as to what fee applied to what kind of facility.
We took these comments and concerns and started over.
The proposal you'll find enclosed is based only on an hourly rate - $71/hour. There is no
other type of fee. It is hourly only. Hours will be billed to a facility for work performed for that
facility only. We will bill for time spent issuing a permit, renewal, amendment or modification,
and the time spent on inspections. There are tables for both types of work with an estimate as to
how much time we believe the different activities will take. There is a not-to-exceed maximum
for all that is 50% higher than our estimated total fee.
Applicants will be asked to submit one-half of the estimated total fee with their
application. The department will charge against that advance, and will also continue to provide a
monthly statement to the applicant even if there is a credit balance. If the advance exceeds the
billable time, the balance will be refunded within 60 days of the final statement.
_,~,~ 0tinted or~ reo,,cied DdDe~' : - :.g
Class III landfills that are not a part of an industrial camp are exempt until they have to
become Class II's under the regulations (by 2010). Any facility that upgrades to the next level of
landfill, i.e. a Class III to a Class II, or a Class II to a Class I, will be treated as a renewal rather
than a new permit. The table which outlines the estimated number of hours, estimated total and
the maximum fee allowed is cross referenced to the section in the substantive regulations that deal
with that kind of facility.
The hourly rate has been reduced to $71/hour. You'll find enclosed a break down of how
we arrived at that hourly rate for your information.
Finally, in order to help ensure the amount of time needed for permit issuance is as short
as can be, we are offering every applicant a preapplication conference at no charge. Every
permittee will also receive two hours a calendar month of technical assistance at no charge.
I believe this structure meets the concerns that have been expressed. The hourly rate is
reduced and there is a cap so people will know the most they will pay. But, since they are paying
by the hour, they will pay for only the work done on their behalf. To keep everyone's costs
down, we are encouraging a preapplication conference so applications can be submitted as
complete as possible. To encourage proper solid waste management, we are offering every
permittee two hours of technical assistance at no charge. To encourage facilities to upgrade, we
will treat those upgrades as renewals rather than new permits. The regulations have been written
to be as explanatory as possible with the permit types cross referenced to the permit requirements.
The information that will be provided on the billing from the department has also been outlined.
There will be three hearings on this proposed regulation as outlined in the Public Notice
that is enclosed. We encourage you to attend any of those hearings that is convenient for you, or
to submit any comments you have in writing to me by February 15, 1996. Specifically, we'd like
to know whether or not this structure is agreeable to you, if there are modifications to it you'd
suggest, or if it is not agreeable, what other structure might you suggest. It is our goal to
establish a workable fee for solid waste. To that end, your comments are very important.
Thank you in advance for taking the time to review the enclosed proposal and share your
comments with us.
Sincerely,
Director
Enclosure
J~a
NOTICE OF ADDITIONAL PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD
ON PROPOSED CHANGES IN THE SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
OF THE ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Notice is given that the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), under authority vested by
AS 44.46.025, AS 46.03.020, 46.03.100, 46.03.110, 46.03.810, and AS 46.06.080, is providing an additional
public comment period on a portion of its proposal to amend Chapter 60, Title 18, of the Alaska Administrative
Code dealing with Solid Waste Management (18 AAC 60), to implement AS 44.46.025, AS 46.03.020,
46.03.100, and AS 46.06.080 as follows:
DEC provided an ~idditional opportunity for public comment on proposed user fees in a public notice dated
September 1. After reviewing those comments and making substantial changes to the proposed regulations in
response to those comments, DEC is providing another opportunity for public comment on the proposed fees.
In this proposal, only fees based on hourly charges will be collected. The hourly rate has been reduced to
$71/hour and a full explanation of the calculation for that rate is enclosed with the proposal. There is a cap on
the maximum fee charged each facility, and facilities will be charged only for work done on their behalf. To
increase efficiency, DEC encourages applicants to participate in a preapplication conference at no charge so that
complete applications can be submitted. No fee will be required for a Class III facility, unless that facility is
associated with an industrial camp. The proposed user fees are intended to parti~illy fund DEC's implementation
of recent amendments to 18 AAC 60 which take effect on January 28, 1996.
To comply with Administrative Order 157 and to make its regulations easier to understand, DEC seeks
comments on this chapter regarding how it might be improved, including the use of "plain English" wherever
oossible. DEC also seeks comments regarding the cost of complying with the proposed regulations, including
any alternative practical methods of complying that might cost less and still accomplish the purpose of the
regulations. If portions of this chapter are confusing or unnecessarily burdensome, or if you have other
suggested improvements, please send your comments by February 15, 1996.
NOTICE IS GIVEN that any interested person may present written comments relevant to the proposed action,
including the potential costs to private persons of complying with the proposed action, by writing to Janice
Adair, Director of Environmental Health, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, 555 Cordova
Street, Anchorage, AK 99501-2617, or by facsimile at: (907) 269-7654. Comments will be included in the
record if they are received by 4:30 p.m. on February 15, 1996. Additionally, any interested person may
present oral or written comments relevant to the proposed action, including the potential costs to private persons
of complying with the proposed action, at public hearings to be held as listed below. Beginning at 7:00 p.m.,
department staffwill present information about the proposal, and public testimony will be taken after the
presentation.
Date Time City. Location
Januai'y 23 7-9 p.m. Anchorage
Public Conference Room
Loussac Library, 3600 Denali Street
January. 24 7-9 p.m. Fairbanks
Conference Room
Noel Wien Library, 1215 Cowles
January 30* 7-9 p.m. Juneau
First Floor Conference Room
DEC Building, 410 Willoughby
*Teleconference facilities will be available for those wishing to participate in the January 30 heating from
locations outside Juneau. To participate by teleconference, please contact Doug Toland at (907) 465-5160 no
later than January 26 to make any necessary arrangements.
The department will arrange for an opportunity to testify for those present before the hearing closes who do not
have an opportunity to testify.
If you are a person with a disability who may need special assistance in order to participate in the process on the
proposed regulations, please contact Fran Podmolik at 465-5041 no later.than January 18, 1996, so that any
necessary arrangements can be made.
This action will not require an increased appropriation.
Copies of the proposed regulations, may be picked up at DEC's Juneau, Anchorage, or Fairbanks offices or are
available by writing to Ms. Adair at the address given above. They are also available on DEC's interact
homepage at: http://www.state.ak.us/locai/akpages/ENV.CONSERV/home.htm
After the close of the public comment period on February 15, 1996, DEC will either adopt these or other
proposals dealing with the same subject, without further notice, or decide to take no action on them. The
language of the final regulations may vary from that of the proposed regulations. You should comment during
the time allowed if your interests could be affected.
Dated: January 5, 1996.
~ Gene Burden, Commissioner
Department of Environmental Conservation
DEC's Interact Homepage Address: http://www.state.ak, us/local/akpages/ENV.CONSERVgnome.htm
STATE OF ALASKA
DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
PROPOSED REGULATIONS
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
18 AAC 60
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
January 5, 1996
COMMENT PERIOD CLOSES
Febmary t5, I996
Tony Knowles
Governor
Gene Burden
Commissioner
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
CHAPTER 60. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT.
The article listing for 18 AAC 60 is amended to read:
Article
1. General Standards, Requirements, and Limitations
(18 AAC 60.005 - 18 AAC 60.035)
2. Waste Disposal Permit (18 AAC 60.200 - 18 AAC 60.265)
3. Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (18 AAC 60.300 - 18 AAC 60.397)
4. Monofills (18 AAC 60.400 - 18 AAC 60.495)
5. Land Application of Biosolids (18 AAC 60.500 - 18 AAC 60.510)
6. (Reserved)
7. User Fees (18 AAC 60.700 - 18 AAC 60.730) [(RESERVED)]
8. Monitoring and Corrective Action Requirements (18 AAC 60.800 - 18 AAC 60.860)
9. General Provisions (18 AAC 60.900 - 18 AAC 60.990)
18 AAC 60.210(b) is amended by adding a new paragraph to read:
Register __
Authority:
(18) the fee advance required by 18 AAC 60.700(d). (Eft.__ __
; am __/__/96, Register __)
/ /96,
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
18 AAC 60.250(a) is amended to read:
(a) In addition to the requirements of this section, permit renewal under this chapter is
also subject to the permit renewal rea_uirem~nts of 18 AAC 15 and the fee rea_uirement, of
18 AAC 60,700. (Eft.__/__/96, Register __; am __/__/96, Register __)
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.810
AS 46.06.080
-1-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
18 AAC 60.255(c) is amended to read:
(c) Application for a general permit must be made by submitting to the department a
petition in which the applicant demonstrates that the facilities to be covered meet the conditions
described in (a) of this section. Although a general permit may be sought by a single owner or
operator, priority will be given to those applications jointly submitted by two or more owners or
operators of facilities that would be subject to the general permit. An application under this
subsection must be accompanied by the fee advance required by 18 AAC 60.700(d). If the
department approves an application for a general permit under this section or, on its own motion
proposes to create a general permit, the department will publish notice of the proposed permit in
two issues of a newspaper of general circulation in the area where the waste management is to
take place and in other media the department considers appropriate. The notice will summarize
the proposed permit, state where the waste management is to be allowed, state where copies of
the proposed permit and supporting documents may be obtained, and state that any person who
wants to express an opinion to the department may send written comments to the department
within 30 days. The department will send a copy of the public notice and the proposed general
permit and supporting documents to the commissioners of
[no further changes to this subsection]
18 AAC 60.255(e) is amended to read:
(e) A general permit will contain criteria by which facilities may qualify for coverage
under the general permit. A person who seeks to be covered under a general permit issued under
this section may submit an application to the department on a form provided by the department
or in accordance with the conditions of the general permit. The application must be accompanied
by the fee advance required by 18 AAC 60,700(d) and must
(1) be submitted within the time period identified in the form for the general
permit under which coverage is sought; and
(2) clearly show how the proposed activity meets the criteria and conditions of
the general permit. (Eff. __/__/96, Register __; am __/__/96, Register )
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.120
-2-
Register __,,. 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
18 AAC 60.455 is amended to read:
18 AAC 60.455. MINING WASTE. Tailings from hard rock mines, and tailings from
placer mines that have been amalgamated or chemically treated, are subject to 18 AAC 60.010 -
18 AAC 60.265, 18 AAC 60.400 - 18 AAC 60.495, 18 AAC 60.700 - 18 AAC 60.730, and
18 AAC 800 - 18 AAC 60.860 as necessary to prevent a violation of the air quality standards in
18 AAC 50 or the water quality standards in 18 AAC 70. The department will, in its discretion,
incorporate applicable provisions of this chapter into a wastewater permit issued under
18 AAC 72 or a solid waste disposal permit issued under this chapter. (Eft.__/__/96,
Register __; am __/__/96, Register __)
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.810
-3-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
18 AAC 60 is amended by adding a new article to read:
ARTICLE 7. USER FEES
Section
700. Fee requirements
720. Billing procedures
730. Fee appeal procedures
18 AAC 60.700. FEE REQUIREMENTS. (a) Unless exempted under (b) of this
section, and subject to the limits in Table 1 in (e) of this section, the owner or operator of a solid
waste treatment, storage, processing, or disposal facility shall pay to the department a fee of $71
for each hour of staff time for
(1) technical review and procedures necessary to evaluate and take action on a
permit application or plan submitted under this chapter; time spent by staff to review and
comment on an incomplete application does not apply toward the maximum fee set out in
Table 1;
(2) consultation or analysis requested by the owner or operator regarding
regulatory or technical matters that is in excess of the time allowed under (b)(2) of this section;
and
(3) inspections, compliance assessments, and compliance actions associated with
a facility subject to this chapter.
(b) No fee is required for
(1) one preapplication meeting held to discuss an application for a new facility, or
for a renewal, modification, or amendment;
(2) time spent, up to two hours in each calendar month, for consultation or
analysis requested under (a)(2) of this section;
(3) activities associated with a Class III MSWLF that is not located in a place
where public access is restricted as described in 18 AAC 60.300(c)(3)(B);
(4) a composting facility; or
(5) land application of biosolids.
(c) In addition to the fee for services assessed under this section, the applicant shall
reimburse the department for the publication cost of each public notice required under
18 AAC 15, estimated to be between $200 - $800. The department will provide the applicant
with a copy of each publication invoice with its billing.
-4-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
(d) Before the department will review a permit application or an application for permit
renewal, modification, or amendment, the applicant must submit to the department as an advance
against expenses at least 50 percent of the estimated total fee set out in Table 1. An application
submitted without this advance will be considered incomplete and will be handled in accordance
with 18 AAC 60.210(e). If an applicant is unsure how to classify a facility, the department will,
in consultation with the applicant, choose the classification most appropriate for that facility. If
an application covers more than one type of operation listed in Table 1, the applicant shall pay
the fee advance associated with the operation that requires the highest number of estimated
hours. Facility classification and required fees are activities to be discussed at a preapplication
meeting.
(e) After the department receives the fee advance required by (d) of this section, it will
credit hours worked against that advance. The department will provide the applicant with
monthly statements, billing for time expended up to the maximum shown in Table 1. Each
statement will include the information described in 18 AAC 70.720. If the fee advance exceeds
the total fee charged, the department will refund any excess to the applicant within 60 days after
issuing its final billing.
(f) For purposes of the fee requirements of Table 1, a facility that upgrades in accor-
dance with 18 AAC 60.300(d) will be treated as a renewal rather than a new facility.
-5-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
TABLE 1
FEE REQUIREMENTS
(Fees rounded to nearest $100)
NEW FACILITY PERMITS
Estimated
Hours
Estimated Required Maximum
Total Fee Advance Fee*
Class I MSWLF 100
Class II MSWLF 60
Off Site Drilling Waste
(18 AAC 60.430) 100
On Site Drilling Wastes
(18 AAC 60.430) 40
Asbestos (18 AAC 60.450) 40
Mining (18 AAC 60.455) 100
Large Inert (18 AAC 60.460) 80
Small Inert (18 AAC 60.460) 25
Sewage Solids
(18 AAC 60.470) 40
One Time S. Solids
(18 AAC 60.470) 25
Wood (18 AAC 60.480) 40
Plan Storage Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(h) 30
Plan Treatment Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(i) 30
Plan Transfer Facility**
(18 AAC 60.010(g) 30
Closure Plan 30
New General Permits** *
(18 AAC 60.255(c) 40
Coverage under
General Permit****
(18 AAC 60.255(e) 15
7,100 3,500 10,500
4,300 2,100 6,400
7,100 3,500 10,500
2,800 1,400 4,200
2,800 1,400 4,200
7,100 3,500 10,500
6,000 3,000 9,000
1,800 900 2,700
2,800 1,400 4,200
1,800 900 2,700
2,800 1,400 4,200
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,000 1,000 3,000
2,800 1,400 4,200
1,000 500 1,500
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
Review of plans that are not part of a larger permitted facility
Costs associated with writing a general permit requested by one or more applicants
Costs associated with coverage under a general permit that has already been approved
-6-
Register __., 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
FACILITY PERMIT RENEWALS OR UPGRADES
Estimated Estimated Required Maximum
Hours Total Fee Advance Fee*
Major Facility**
First renewal after / /96 80 5,600 2,800 ' 8,400
Subsequent renewals 40 2,800 1,400 4,200
Minor Facility***
First renewal after / /96 6 500 250 750
Subsequent renewals 3 250 125 375
All others
First renewal after / /96 30 2,200 1,100 3,200
Subsequent renewals 15 1,100 550 1,650
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
Major Facility includes Class I MSWLF, mine permits, or offsite drilling waste disposal
Minor Facility refers to coverage under a general permit, or a small inert waste facility.
FACILITY PERMIT MODIFICATIONS OR AMENDMENTS
(made during the life of the permit)
Estimated Estimated
Hours Total Fee
All Modifications 8 500
*
Required Maximum
Advance Fee*
250 750
The maximum fee covers staff time spent after a complete application is received
FACILITY INSPECTIONS*
Estimated Estimated Estimated Maximum
No. Per Year** Hours Total Fee Fee/Year**
ClassIMSWLF 4 15 1,100 4,400
Class lIMSWLF 2 15 1,100 2,200
Mining 1 15 1,100 1,100
Large Inert 1 15 1,100 1,100
Others ! 8 570 570
No advance is required for an inspection
Maximum fee applies only to routine inspections. It does not include an inspection made
because of significant or continuing noncompliance resulting in or required because of a
notice of violation, compliance order, compliance order by consent, or other enforcement
action.
-7-
Register , 1996 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
(Eft.__/__/96, Register )
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.080
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.810
18 AAC 60.720. PAYMENT PROCEDURES. (a) Within 30 days after receiving a
detailed statement of the total fee for a service provided, the applicant shall submit any balance
due to the department. The statement will include the name of the employee conducting the
work, the type of work done, the number of hours for each type of work, and the total time spent.
(b) A payment that is more than 60 days past due accrues interest at the rate prescribed in
AS 45.45.010. (Eft.__/ /96, Register__)
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.080
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.810
18 AAC 60.730. FEE APPEAL PROCEDURES. (a) A person who disputes a
determination of a fee owing under this chapter or who disputes a computation of charges may
request the director of the division of environmental health to review the matter. A request under
this subsection must be submitted within 30 days after receipt of the disputed determination or
computation and must be accompanied by a written discussion that sets out the reasons why the
fee or computation is disputed and how it should be adjusted. The division director will issue a
written decision on the disputed invoice within 30 days after receiving the request.
(b) A person aggrieved by the director's decision under this section may request the
commissioner to review the matter. A request under this subsection must be submitted within 30
days after receipt of the director's decision and must be accompanied by a written discussion that
sets out the reasons why the decision is disputed and how it should be adjusted. The commis-
sioner, or the commissioner's designee, will issue a written decision on the disputed matter
within 30 days after receiving the request. A decision made under this subsection is a final
agency decision. A person aggrieved by that decision has the right to appeal it to the superior
court in accordance with the Rules of Appellate Procedure of the Alaska Rules of Court.
(Eff.__/__/96, Register )
Authority:
AS 44.46.020
AS 44.46.025
AS 46.03.010
AS 46.03.020
AS 46.03.100
AS 46.03.110
AS 46.03.810
AS 46.03.08O
-8-
Analysis of Solid Waste Hourly Fee
for solid waste permits/plans
365
-104
-I1
-15
235
1762.5
Calculation for actual annual staff work days and work hours:
Total Days Annually
Weekends (52 * 2)
Paid State GGU Holidays
3 weeks paid leave (annual and sick combined---average employee)
Annual Work Days
Number of work hours (7.5 hour days)
$ 69,451
Technical Staff Cost Analysis
Average annual salary + benefits
$ 39.40
Average Hourly Cost Technical Staff
(Average annual salary divided by number of annual work hours)
$ 40,458
Clerical Staff Cost Analysis
Average annual salary + benefits
$ 22.95
Average Hourly Cost Clerical Staff
(Average annual salary divided by number of annual work hours)
$ 11.48 Assume half an hour clerical support to each hour technical stafftime
Overhead/indirect Cost & Total Cost
50.88 Total StaffCost (1 hour technical + 30 minutes clerical support)
20.96 Indirect Cost Pool (Rate of 41.19% applied against unit staff cost)
<Note that this rate does not include allocation for Division of Statewide Public Services**.>
71.84 ADEC Hourly Solid Waste Fee Rate
** The Statewide Public Services Divisions operates the Public Service Area offices in DEC.
This division will perform some solid waste inspections, primarily for Class II and Class III landfills.
It will also review some permit applications for area-specific considerations as well as monitor some
compliance/enforcement actions.
SWFEES2.XLS Page 1
ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS NOTICE INFORMATION
(AS 44.62.190 (d))
Please note: These are costs to this agency related to the proposed amendments to these regulations,
not costs to the regulated community.
1. Adopting Agency: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
2. General subject: Solid Waste Management (user fees)
3. Citation of applicable regulations being amended: 18 AAC 60
4. Reason for proposed action: Implement solid waste user fees
5. Program category and BRU affected: Environmental Health/Solid Waste Program
6. Cost of implementation to agency, and available funding:
Initial Year
Subsequent
Years
Cost $16,725 $10,225
General Funds $16,725 $10,225
Federal Funds $ $
Other:
change, or other): Agency staff
9. Date: January 8, 1996
Prepared b~ ~
,/v (kignature)
Name (typed}.~J~anice Adair
Title: Director, Environmental Health Division
Contact person (name, title, address, telephone, facsimile): Janice Adair, Director of Environmental Health
555 Cordova Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99501-2617
Telephone: (907) 269-7644 Facsimile: (907) 269-7654
Origin of the proposed action (agency staff, federal government, general public, petition for regulation
Phone: (907) 269-7644
~,l&ska S, tate Chamber of Commerce '~' 1~1/21/96 ®12:11 AM P13/3
ABUDGET UPDATE FROM THE ALASKA STATE CHAMBER · VOL. 2 ISSUE 1 · JANUARY 16, 1996
State Chamber's Top Priority: State's Long Term
Fiscal Management
"Fiscal Notes" to Keep Alaska's
Topping the Alaska State Chamber of
Commerce's list of priorities for the 1996 legisla-
tive session is the state's adoption of a long range
fiscal strategy. Such a plan will not only ensure
the state is on a sound fiscal course, but will also
provide an environment in which Alaska's busi-
nesses can plan their future.
To enhance Alaska businesses understanding of
the state budget and its consideration by the
Legislature, the State Chamber will again publish
"Fiscal Notes." "While last year may have been
Business Community Informed
the first year we published "Fiscal Notes," it
quickly became an important source of informa-
tion to our members in their tracking of budget
deliberations" explained Pam LaBolle, ASCC
president. "It helped our members learn about not
only what the Legislature was doing, but what it
really meant" she continued.
"fiscal Notes" will be published bi-weekly and
distributed through a fax network to all h~terested, at no
charge. Contact the State Chamber's Anchorage (278-
2722) or Jm~eau office (586-2323) to receive a copy.
Chamber's Resolve: Closing Fiscal Gap Will
Promote Economic Development
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce rates sound fiscal management for the state of
Alaska as its number one priority; and
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce feels the uncertainty in the state budget process
and state spending has created instability in the business and investment community; and
WHEREAS the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce recognizes the hard work of the Long Range
Financial Planning Commission and further recognizes that their plan provides a starting point for the
1996 State Legislature to close the fiscal gap;
THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly urges the
Alaska State Legislature to adopt and implement, during the 1996 le~slative session, an overall long
range fiscal plan for the State that not only addresses the fiscal gap but encourages and promotes eco-
nomic investment and business development, and endeavors to maintain the state's infrastructure; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly requests the
Alaska Legislature address this issue as the first order of business and consider it the highest legislative
priority; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce strongly urges the
Alaska Legislature to adopt a plan within the first 90 days of the 2nd session of the nineteenth Alaska
Legislature. Adopted December, 1995.
Alaska ~tate Chamber of Commerce ~'
ALASKA STATE CHAMBER
11~1/21/96 ®12:10AM 752/3
· FISCAL NOTES · JANUARY 16, 1996
Governor's FY 97 Budget: Cut $40 Million
You Decide If He Got There
Last Friday the Governor submitted his operating
budget to the Legislature (HB 412/SB 213). Following
one of the recommendations of the Long Range Financial
Planning Commission, the Administration's target was to
cut $40 million from next fiscal year's spending (which
starts July 1). (The commission's plan, presented to the
Governor and Legislature last October, recommended
$100 million in spending reductions over the next three
years.)
The Governor's budget starts an annual event in
which the "beans" are counted to see if his spending plan
really cuts state govemment (the Legislature's spending
plan will get the same critique). While the Governor's
numbers total $40 million less in spending from the state's
General Fund, he includes some reductions that aren't real
"cuts"- automatic reductions in debt service, using other
state accounts to pay for programs normally funded from
the state's general fund, and collecting more in fees from
users of state services.
The chart below outlines how the Governor gets to his
$40 million cut. You decide if it meets your definition of
a cut in the state's budget.
Getting to -MO M/Ih'on
fFORMULA: To get a net cut of-$4.1 million, programs that pass state funds
through to local governments were cut-$8.4 million to "make room" for increases
in other formula-driven programs. Also, a $6 million increase to cover K-12
enrollment increases is paid for from one-dine trust fimds instead of the general
fund; this means next year this $6 million will have to be paid for from the general
fund plus the funds needed to cover next year's enrollment increases.
SUPPLEMENTALS: Both years are
an estimate. Governor's current year
request is due to the Legislature early
February; expected to cover
uncontrollable costs such as disasters,
lfight ng fires, court sett ements, fines.
Operating Budget:
Formula Programs
S .tale Programs and Services
Legislation/A djusrm enos
Total Operating Budget 2,225.3 2.208.8 -16.5
Other Spending*:
Debt Service 109.4 94.7 -14.7 ~
Loans 1.5 1.5 0.0
Special Appropriations/Transfers 17.1 14.3 -2.8 ~
Supplementals (esl/mates) 20.0 19.~._~.~L0.~
Total 2,373.3~2~~338.3 ( -35.0
/
-$34 Plus Another ,$~ Equals .$40
Million: $5 million is shaved offthe
fiscal gap by generating more in user fees
and payments for state services that are
leurrently paid for by the state s general fund.
STATE PROGRAMS: Includes +$8.4 for pay
increases for state and University employees;
means $8.4 million had to be cut elsewhere to
"make room" for these increases. Also includes
+$2.3 million requested by the Judiciary Branch.
(A~u~ta4~in MillionS)
96
~ FY--gJ..~ Difference ~.~V
(CurrentYear) ~(.Governor's)~. ~ /
1,074,1 x~ 1,070.0 ~ 4.1 ~/ LEGISLATION/ADJUSTMENTS: An income
1,151.2 '~ 1,152.0 ~ 0.8 / eligibility cap forLongevity Bonus will save-
-13.2 -13.2 Il. $6 million (HB 417/$B 217):Retirement
Incentive Progrnm for state employees saves -
$5 million. Another $2 million in spending is
offset by taking $2 million from a reserve
account (excess health benefit payments).
DEBT SERVICE: The I
amount of debt service due on
state and school bonds each
year is based on a formula.
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS: The
reduction is because the state will collect less
per barrel from the OiFHazardous Substance
surchage because of declining oil production.
What About Ali That Other Money the State Spends?
The above chart only shows spending from the state's
general fund (state revenues that can be used for any
purpose; they are "unrestricted" revenues). Each year
the state also spends about $1.1 billion in federal funds
and nearly $2 billion in other kinds of state funds. While
the state Constitution prohibits dedicating state funds,
there are over 80 other state funds "designated" for a
certain purpose. These include permanent fund divi-
dends, university tuition receipts, mental health trust
funds, and marine highway system receipts.
"Fiscal Notes" is a project of the Alaska State Chamber of Commerce. Information is compiled and written for the State Chamber by
Cheryl Frasca. It is distributed to organizations, who fax it to their members. If you get more than one copy or no longer want to
receive "Fiscal Notes" contact organizations of which you are a member. For other comments, suggestions, contact the Chamber's
Anchorage office at 278-2722; fax 278-6643. Please copy and distribute "Fiscal Notes" to others interested.
19:53 JAN ~ 1996
, peaking
10 lhe Issues
Canted:
·do Huss
Governor's Off'ice
P.O. Box 110001
Juneau, Alaska 99811-0001
phone 907.465.3500
fox 907.465.3532
http:/~ww, gov. state.ak.us/gov/
home2.html
Governor Knowles appears on
statewide public 'IV call-in
program from 8-9 p.m. on
1/24.
Quote of the
Week
"Some have questioned
why the entire legislative
deposit (to the Permanent
Fund) was not made last
year. Simply pm, i~ was
being done without a
plan."
-Governor [ony Know/es
State af ll~e Budget
~5468 PA~E: 2/2
Talking Points for the Week
W'~_--_k of January 22, 1996
· Legislature introduces Long Range Commission bill.q. Governor
Knowles continues to press legislative leaders to focus on a plan to balance
Alaska's books within six years. On a positive note, the legislature today
introduced the bills proposed by the Long Range Financial Planning
Commi.qsion. The Governor is urging that the first order of business be the
discussion and passage of a resolution which defines the magnitude of the
budget problem and agrees to balance the state budget in a specified number
of years.
· Is Permanent Fund deposit part of a plan? Despite the absence of a
long-term budget balancing plan, legislative leaders are proceeding with an
attempt for an immediate deposit to the Permanent Fund principal. A bill is
being heard in the House Finance Committee Tuesday (1/23) to deposit most
of the $1.2 billion from the Fund's earnings reserve account into the Fund
principal. The move comes less than two weeks after the legislature failed to
override Governor Knowles veto of a similar plan last year.
· Deposit will not increase dividends. Proponents of an early deposit
argue it will increase dividends. Not true. Dividends are calculated on all
Fund assets, whether in the principal or reserve account. A deposit now,
without a long-term budget balancing plan, appears irresponsible.
· Governor focuses on creating jobs. Governor Knowles travels to
Anchorage Tuesday (1/23) to receive 200 recommendations by top Alaska
business leaders for job creation. The effort, under the Governor's Marketing
Alaska initiative, is designed to assist businesses with expansion and new
opportunities. Also Tuesday, the Governor meets with Japanese and Korean
consul generals to explore expanded international trade. The value of Alaska
exports jumped 10 percent in just the first nine months of 1995, accounting
for more than 50,000 Alaska jobs.
Is this your correcl fax number? · Are you receiving duplicates? · Please call our office with corrections or changes.
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR; 8-61-~8 ; ?:29 90? 283 3014;g 2
TONY
GOVERNOR
1996 State of BudEet Address
By_ Alaska Governor Tony Knowles
January 11. 1996
(Embargoed for'release until 8 p.m.; text subject to cleo
ge)
President Drue Pearcc, Speaker (}ail Phillips, members of thc 19th
Lt. Gev. Fran Uimcr, members of my cabinet, my wife Susan and fellow.
Two evenings ago, I described, a journey for Alaska's Family as w~
year expedition toward the 21 st century. C-etI~U~ us there safe and sound ~
properly equippcd, that we possess ~he basic gear I describe as the commo
Alaskans - jobs, better schools, safe, heal,by communities and budget disci
Tonight I focus on thc/~,~,1 necessity for our jouracy - budget disc
we're not going anywhere.
Our greatest challenge this lcgislativc session is to navigate Alaska'
a safe landing as we go lmm one that's Pmdhoe Bay-based to an cconom
and mote secure. The good news is, we can make it.
So let's start this journey - I urge thc Legislature to commit to a re
action to balance Alaska's budget ia no more than six years. That's what
m~ns - an end to tho dangerous practice of draining cash reservea to malt
balance.
Let each of us be judged on our ability to balance the budgct, while
ladder of opportuzfity for Alaska families.
Can we agree to help the private sector create jobs, so fewer Alask~ a.s require state
assistance? Can we agree to improve our schools, so our children are prepa :cd for the
competitive global cconomy? Can we agree to improve our schools so that maybe - just
maybe - we don't have to build so many prisons in the future?
Can we agrcc to properly manage our fish, wildlife and wfldlands, sp future
generations enjoy their benefits? Can we agree to protect our homes and neighborhoods, so
Alaskans are safe in our communities? ]
Can we agree that turning our backs on the..~ cssenfiai services is mtacceptable? T~is
RO. Box 11O001
Juneau, Ala-~ ggs1143001
(go7} 4~-$~oo
Alaska Legislature,
~laskans.
embark on a five-
quires that we are
L vision of
fline.
,line. Without it,
is what I mean by a safe landing for Alaska's families and I believe we car
The m_a.~itude of the problem we collectively fac~ is enormous - a
which this year alone is ncarly half a billion dollars. Without responsible ac
reSPOnsible people in this room, thc jobs, homes and businesscs of Alaskan
risk. So is Alaska's long-tcrm financial security.
economy toward
that's diversified
~onsible course of
zalgct di~ip!in~_
tbe budgct
holding steady the
~aglget shortfall
tion by
families are at
SENT BY:OFF~CE OF THE ~OVERNOR; 8-61-~8 ; ?:30 ; $?w ~07 283 301~;# 3
Balancing Alaska's budget requires a plan - a commitment to use e
available to us. There are those who will offer .~implistic, bumper sticker s
claims may be memorable, but they don't measure up. Serious problems d
solutions.
Last year, virtually all of us here agreed we needed a plan when w,
Range Financial Planning Commission S~nate President Pearce and House
jointly sponsored the resolution that established the commission, and I con
your leadership.
The commission - 10 members appointed by the Legislature and fi~
summer developing a long-term financial plan. This bipartisan group of 15
long and hard and deserve our thanks.
Speaker Phillips has su~es~d - and I ~ink it's a great idea - that th,
the initial weeks of this session to hearings on this plan. I urge a result of
firm legislative oommi~ent to balance Alaska's bud/et in no more than
deserve no less.
The financial commission realized there are no easy answers when:
That's why it r~commended using a combination of all the tools in Alaska'
cuts, user fees, taxes and the earnings of the Permanent Fund, while growi~
the Fund's principal.
While not perfect, the plan is a solid stsrt. Its mos~ commendable fe
works - the numbers add up, it balances Alaska's budget.
Tonight, I want to share with you the t~k the commission faoed. A~
try somethin/a little different for a budget address - while you in the chan
outs on your desks, we'll be showing the illuslrations to those watehinl; on
In Graph 1, you can s~ that for this year, Alaaka has a budget gap
between what we collect and what we spend - Wtaling $429 million. Absen
hole, our budget gap will widen into a ~ant crevasse of about $850 millio=
and to a billion dollars bi' the year 2000. The cumulative total of this proj¢
those five years is nearly $4 billion.
Why is this? As graph 2 shows, it's largely because Alaska depends
the oil industry - for most of our revenues. Those revenues are shrinkinE al
production declines.
For years, Alaskans have debated laking sieps to avoid a budl~et i~ap
lacked the political will or have been spared fl~ hard choiees, like when th~
filled our treasury with revenues from skyrocketing oil prices.
Now, we must ac~. We should not dec~ive ourselves or Alaskans int
be easy. Cutting the budget is a viud first step, but that alone won't get us ~
even cut~ing the entire stale payroll would not save enough money to ~l th
The commission also recognized that doing k th. rough outs alone we
economy into a tailspin. Graph 3 reminds us of thc oil price depression of
Alaskans lost their jobs, property values dropped more than $7 billion and
reached almost 100 a month. No Alaskan wants to relive u~at disaster.
2
[1 thc tools
olutions. Their
mand serious
crea~l thc Long-
Speaker Phillips
mend you both for
e bY me - spent all
Alaskans worked
,Lcgislature devote
these hearings be a
six years. Alaskans
devised gus plan.
toolbox - budget
and protecting
alure is that it
~d we're going to
~ber have hand.
television.
a shortfall
action to fill the
in just three years
:ted deficit in
On one sollrcc -
North Slope oil
But we've either
Persian Cmlf war
thinking this will
tere. For example,
budgc~ gap.
fid send Al_..~ka's
986, when 22,000
ankruptcies
SENT BY:OFF[CE OF THE ~OVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:31 ; 97w 90? 283 3014;# 4
1Vlally commi-_~SiOI1 melxlbers w"~ su~sed there has bee. ri pl'ogrogs
reduce state spcnding, as you can see in Oraph 4. In 1979, thc statc spent l
each pcrson in Alaska. That amount peaked at nearly $6,000 per person in
declined since.
In today's dollars, per person spending in Alaska is $250 less than i
From another perspective, when adjusted for inflation, thc state operating b
25 percent since 1991.
Thc commission addresscd a question raised by many Alaskans - wl
more on public services and benefits than other states. It discovered Alaska
share of services funded elsewhere by local govcrnmcnts, such as correctioa
and education.
We do somc things done by no other suttc, like the $565 million we
Permanent Fund dividends and the $72 million for senior citizens Lon~evi~.
- pro,rams knportant to Alaskans.
To maIch what Alaska spends with what it takes in, thc commission
tools. All mcmbcrs agreed that no single tool could complete thc job by its~
As we work togethe~ this session to consider the commission's plan
a new one, wc must remember a budget is more than just a'column of num'
the values of those who consiruct it.
As I noted in my spcech Tuesday evening, I believe any long-term
provide a safe landing for Alaskan famili~ and bc based on five principles
on Illustration 5:
* One, we must close the budget gap and balancc our budget.
* Two, we mu~ continue to cut the budget.
* Throe, wc must protect and enlarge the Permanent Fund.
* Four, any plan to raise taxcs and fees to pay for essential services
* Five, there will be no tinkering with the Permanent Fund without
people.
Several commission recommendations are controversial, so I want tc
stand. As thc country song wails: "If you don't stand for something, you'll.
Thc commission recommended doubling the mount of Pruclhoe Bay
into the Permanent Fund principal and using earnings from the inflation-pro
Fund to close thc budget gap. Then, they tocommendcd that if ncccssary, az
would be proposed if revenues are needed to balance thc budget, I disagrcc
approach.
The values I would use in developing future-year budgets are as foil
First, conlinue cutting the budget while providing essential services
health of the economy.
Second, raise revenues through fees and taxes, including those on ti:
of-state workers.
Third, bcforc over considering a chsn_ge to Permanent Fund carnings.
an income tax because it is more fair and includes pcoplc who gct a free rig
money hcrc but live Outside.
n rccent years to
~out $4,000 for
[983, but has
was 17 years ago.
dget has becn cut
y Alaska spends
pays a greater
s, transportation
mail Alaskans in
Bonus payments
~ointed to several
,If.
md I~rhal~ devi~
~ers. It represents
udget plan must
These are shown
must bc fair.
vote of the
tell you where I
~all for anytb~ug."
royalty deposits
~fed and enlarged
with ~his
nd protccting the
thousands of out-
I would look to
by making their
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:31 ; 97w 90? 283 3014;~ 5
It will probably surprise no one that I appreciate the opinion of one
Alaska's Permanent Fund, former Governor Jay Hammond, who said in his
las~ month: "Fortunately, gacrc remain some in public office with enough c(
rccol~izc nonscusc when they see it. Oovernor Knowlcs, for cxamplc, has
endorses much of the Planning Commission's proposal, 'he believes divide~
cut prior to imposition of an income tax, and before he will permit such a
will demsnd a public vote on thc matter."
The budget I propose to the Legislature for the coming year reflect.,
year rccommendations of the commission. At the same _time, it adheres to g
budllct principles I outlincd earlier. My budget proposal for the coming yea
clements:
It reduces the budget gap by $40 million, including $35 million in c
the equivaient of about 160 full-time and 100 pan-lime positions.
It providcs for esscntial public services - education, transportation, p
economic development.
In a fair way, it asks the Alaskans who benefit from certain slate sex
paying something for them.
It raiscs additional state revenues by increasing select taxes - on alcc
gasoline.
Hn~ly, and perhaps most impommfly, it erdargcs and pro~cts the P~
Let me ~ke these steps in order. Fh's~, budget cu~s. More ~hsn $20 ~
comes d~ecfly £rom state agencies. No d~ment is untouched, my offi~
$? million is saved ~ttough retirement incan~ives snd other s~rem~li~
Taking a page from thc private-sector, I urge the Legislature to pass the r~
introduced last year, which reduces ~ numbe~ and cost o£ public employee
We negotia~d new, cheaper contracts with more than ~0 percent of
)f the faIhers of
newspaper column
mraon g~ll~ to
aid that while he
$ should not b~
~ to occur, hc
many of the firs~-
· five balauced
includes these
Lts, and eliminates
~ices to begin
:nnaneat Fund.
Ilion in cuts
tcluded.
~ement program I
L
he state work
force. Compared to previously negotiated contracts, they save $34 million c~,er the mxt four
years. Our negotiations were wugh, bu~ s~a~ employms de.rye credit for ~haring tb~
responsibility in helping govemm~t make ends mee~. The Legislature should fund these
contract.
We're saving more than $2 .rr~llion by slreamlining the way state go~ernmeatt does
business. We consolidated three divisions in~o .one to m~_ke our economic d~velopment efforts
morc cfficicnt and saved 25 percent by downsizing the D/vision of Energy.
New speed-regulator dcvices on highway sander trucks will save $5~0,000 by reducing
sand and salt use, and also cut down dust pollution.
Anyone with a family or business knows prices are going up, so by ]'equlring state
departments to absorb $75 million worth of inflationary increases, we're doiag more with less.
We're also using the best and latest technology to make government
customer-friendly, Thousand~ of computer us~s across the world can now
railroad schedules, get their business licenses, send us E-mall messages and
biography of their favorite legislator.
Number t~o in our budget plan provides for essential public services My budget gives
us u~ tools to provide a healthy start for Alaska's children and it fully fund the educalional
Foundation Formula.
4
more efficient and
rowse fm~r and
,-ven find a
SENT BY:OFFICE OF THE QOVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; ?:32 ; 907 283 3014;~ 8
It fosters economic development throu~,h thc creation of jobs and
permits us to manage our natural resources wisely through sound
involvement.
When it comes to the basics, nex~ year's capital budget is a~ain de
$110 million in bareboncs ~ for Ah,~'s basic nccd~ - Uansponatio:
.scwcr, schools and defen~l main~c~mce at ~hc un/versiW and other publk
Third in our budget plan is a~dng Alaskans who benefit from cc~
pay more for them. Our budget reduces our dcpcndencc on oil revenues
having service uscrs shoulder more of the costs.
For example, at Pioneers' Homes it costs thc sta~e up to six thousa
dollars a month for each residcnt, while the avcrage monthly payment ~o li
$700. We asked senior citizens who could afford it to help pay more to
They and their families said yes, so rates will/radually rise to a lc~
cost of care. We'll save abou~ $2 mill/on in s/ate support, but will be able
and no one will be turned away for lack of money.
The comm/ssion thought mu~cipalit/cs should ~akc on some service
pa/d for by ~le state. Wh/le we are fully funding the education of students,
commuu/fies to pick up a small sbs~e of thc cost of geiting them W school.
reduct/on in state aid ~o coramun/t/es is only 1.2 percenL
Number four of the budget plan is raisin~ additional revenues. This
incorporates the fmanc/al commission's rccommendat/ons for thrcc tax incr.
wholesale equivalent of 10 cents a drink more on alcoholic beverages, whi¢
million a year.
The budget includes a $1 tax incres~e on cigare~e~ and amokclcss u
show pricc incre~es are the main d~Tent to children ~ ciEar~es. Alt
projected to generate $42 million, frankly, I hope this proposal doe~l't
TMs budget also calls for an incrc~e in Alaska's gaso!i~ tax, now
nation. It would move from the 8-cent-a-gallon ratc set in 19~1 to the nafic
cents, rais/ng $39 mi[lion a year.
Alaskans des~'vc a safe and reliable public ~rausportation system. Si
Legisla~tre to consider a constitutional dedication of the revenues from a
mainudning our roads and other public ~ransponation facilities. I know rna~
have been at thc forefron~ of fhis initiative in the past end I look forward tc
on it.
Thc f/fd~, £mal and moa importaul elemenl of our budgel plan is cn
pro~tin~ the Permanent Fund,
That's why I pwposc dcposifint surplus camings of $1 billion, $200
principal of the Fund, on top of the $~00 million deposited in June. TMs $1
the second largest deposi~ ever.
Alaskans have a special rela~/onslfip with the Pcrmsncnt Fund. It's
savin/s account, our share of a common public a~et. Every year we realize
If we protect it and/~'ow it, as I propose and is illustrated in Graph
help our children and Erandch/ldrcn realize the bencfit~ of living in the Als.,
b traM~ng. It
~d pubUc
icatcd to aborn
t, wamr and
facilities.
n state serv/ces to
$8 million by
thcrc is only
intain scrviccs.
closer m the
continue services
i wh/ch are now
we're asking local
Ovcral], ~he
~udgct
ases. One is the
raises about $19
bacco, Studies
,ough it's
, a single dollar.
he lowest in the
~al median of 22
urge thc
soline tax to
in ~his room
workin~ with you
million to thc
,2 billion will be
~r lon~-m-m
benefits from it.
i, the Fund w/ii
~a we now enjoy.
SENT DY:OFFICE OF THE QOVERNOR; 8-61-48 ; 1:33 ; 97w 90? 283 3014;#
All Alaskans should be thsnkful we have the opportunity to mak~
commend the legislators in this chamber for th{ir part. I know some have
entirc legislative deposit was not made last year,
Simply put, it was being done without a plan. I believed then and
give the Long-Range Financial Planning Commission an opportunity to
overall budget situation.
The commission has now recommended a deposit to thc Permanent
part of au overall budget plan. I applaud th~ legislators tonight who
course .of action to balance the budget - for not taki~ the easy way out.
In thai vein, I'd like to recoipoize the people in this room for
principles earlier this evening, for putting policy above politics.
I've talked about what this budget doe,s, but there's also something
not do. It doesn't rcmovc thc safety n~ from Alaska's mos~ needy.
Far mo often the quiet voices 'of those in need get overwhelmed by
in powerful places. Compassion is not something to be bargained for, like
political poker game. It is something we pwtect and maintain.
That brings up two imporlant places where wc are corarolling
the budget to save dollars - welfare reform and Medicaid.
While Washington remains gridlock~d, we've stcpp~I up to thc on welfare
reform. The number of Alaska~ on pubUc assistance dropped by more :500 ia 1995,
saving $6 million in welfare payments. To ensure more familie~ move from welfare w work,
we're putting those savings into child care and job training. By reinvesting savings
now, we'll save ~ns of millions more in the
As for Medicaid - which provides basic medical cam to the elderly
to low-income mothers and children - Alaska has unique needs that are
Washiiagton. Under Congress' proposal, Alaska is at least $250 m/Ilion
need over the next seven years.
We're working closely with our congressional delegation to fL~ this
be successful in protec~ng the 69,000 vulnerable Alaskam who count on
health care.
As we embark on our journey into rim n~xt cenUu3,, let us all
land of great challenge,/rent success and even greater pol~niial. The
we've made in the 37 years since Statehood has bca~ hard-foughL Yet, it is
unity and courage, not partisan squabbling and political expediency.
~ year, as you se~ in the final graph, we face an equally daubing
eliminating the budget gap in no more than six years. If we take
and quit living off reserve, we can ease the s~ate to a safe landing.
If we don't, if we continue business as usual, the landin~ won't be
sputter and stall, O~en crash the economy right into a mouncaiaJi~. Our
ttuclc picki~ up the pieces of our recklessness.
We all know anyone can engineer a crash landing, h's the safe
collective skill and hazd work of everyone on board.
The plan I've outlined hare tonight is a flight plan for that safe
better schools. For safe, he, althy communities. For budget discipline. For
Thank you
deposit aud I
why the
we needed to
Alaska's
principal as
that responsible
up for their
budget does
shouus of those
chitin a
areas of
disabled and
of what we
hope they'll
for their
Alaska is a
produ¢~ of
for our futm~re
at all. We'll
will be
For jobs. For
family.
6
(~TTY OF K]~NAI. ~ ~ 210 Fidalgo, Suite 200
- "(~~/''~/ /~ i 7~'~ ~ai~.Alaska99611-7794
- ~ Phone 907-2~7~
~ pos~.it~ ~a~ No~ ~ ~ F~ 907-2~3014
TO
Date
Number of Pages ,. ~
PUBLIC MEETING NOTICE
The Kenai City Council will meet in a TOWN HALL
MEETING on January 25, 1996, at the Kenai Senior Center,
beginning at 7:00 p.m. Discussion will include the State of
Alaska Fiscal Gap and its effect on the City of Kenai.
The public is invited to attend and participate. Questions?
Call Carol at 283-7539.
Carol L. Freas
City Clerk
Publish: January 19, 22, 24, 1996
PUBLIC MEETING NOTICE
The Kenai City Council will meet in a TOWN HALL
MEETING on January 25, 1996, at the Kenai Senior Center,
beginning at 7:00 p.m. Discussion will include the State of
Alaska Fiscal Gap and its effect on the City of Kenai.
The public is invited to attend and participate. Questions?
Call Carol at 283-7539.
Carol L. Freas
City Clerk