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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1995-09-26 Historic District Board Summary~ HISTORIC DISTRICT B~ARD Se pte m be r 26,1995 - 6:00 p. m. ***AG E N DA*** Kenai Council Chambers Chair porothy Gray 1. CALL TO ORDER: 2. APPROVAL OF AGENDA: 3. APPROVAL OF MINUTES: August 22, 1995 4. PERSONS PRESENT SCHEDULED TO BE HEARD: 5. HISTORIC BOARD REVIEW: 6. NEW BUSINESS: a. Review of Sign Code 7. OLD BUSINESS: i a. Historic Preservation Grant b, Historic Survey c, Bunny Swan Sign d. Preservation Plan e. Meeting Time 8. REPORTS: 9. INFORMATION: a. Malanaphy Resignation b. National Trust for Historic Preservation c. National Register Bulletin 10. BOARD QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS: 11. ADJOURNMENT: ~ C:\WPDOCS\TSHBOARD\AGEN9.26 HISTORIC DISTRICT BOARD UNAPPROVED ~ September 26,1995 - 6:00 p.m. ***MINUTES*** ; Kenai Council Chambers Chair porothy Gray 1. CALL TO ORDER: Members Present: Dorothy Gray, Alan Boraas, Ethel Clausen, Kim Booth, Michael Huhndorf Members Absent: Roger Meeks, Wanda Carlson Also Present: Sylvia Elliot, Preservation North; George Ford & Charlie Pierce of the Rotary Club; Jack La Shot, City Engineer; Marilyn Kebschull Planning & Zoning Administrative Assistant; and Councilman Duane Bannock 2. APPROVAL OF AGENDA: Chairman Gray noted additional information for Old Business, Item 7a, City Council's response to the memo dated September 17. In addition, due to other commitments by the Rotary Club Members, moved discussion on Historic Preservation Grant and signs, 7a, to New Business. Noting no other changes, agenda approved by unanimous consent. 3. APPROVAL OF MINUTES: August 22, 1995 Chairman Gray asked for changes or modifications to minutes. Mike Huhndorf noted that he had made corrective comments to the letter that was to be sent to the various households regarding the Historic District Survey. Noted that questioned he had raised was that Shkituk' was the oldest settlement and that there were never really Russian settlers, they were only approximately 13 Russians here at one time. Instead of Natives it should state Denaina. Huhndorf stated that he believed that it was decided that the other letter would be sent but wanted to note that particular element of input was missing from the minutes. Chairman Gray asked for any other changes or additions to the minutes. Gray noted that Huhndorf's comments were good because it is important to be historically accurate. Hearing no other changes, Gray asked for a motion to approve the minutes. KIM BOOTH MOVED THAT THE MINUTES BE APPROVED WITH MIKE HUHNDORF'S CHANGES. ETHEL CLAUSEN SECONDED THE MOTION. PASSED BY UNANIMOUS CONSENT. ~ ~ 4. PERSONS PRESENT SCHEDULED TO BE HEARD: Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 1 5. HISTORIC BOARD REVIEW: 6. NEW BUSINESS: a. Historic Preservation Grant--Sign Project--Chairman Gray invited George Ford and Charlie Pierce to join the committee. Gray updated the group relating that at the last meeting the group had approached City Council in attempt to get a matching funds grant from the Historic Board and state funding to put signage in Old Town as a follow up to the survey that Preservation North is doing to let people visibly see what these buildings and sites represent. Gray noted that she had seen Mayor Williams on Sunday and he advised that the reason that they hadn't approved the grant or the preliminaries for the grant is that the Rotary had already come up with the idea a few years back and suggested that it be a joint effort. Gray noted that Ford and Pierce were at the meeting to share what the Rotary's plan was. Charlie Pierce noted that George Ford is past president of the Kenai Rotary Club and Pierce is the current president. Pierce noted that the group should not expect this signage project to happen quickly as the Rotary Club has been working on the project for 4.5 to 5 years. It was started prior to the Bicentennial. The Rotary Club had a list of sites identified and initiative was taken on the club's part to create signs. A committee was formed, the chair bought some cedar, and engraved them with a router. What fell through or what was lacking was the historical data, placing that information on plagues, and installing them. Permission was granted at the locations where signs were to be placed. Since that time, some of those buildings have changed ownership so permission would need to be granted again. Pierce noted that he and Ford had driven the area together a week ago last Monday and looked at a number of sites and noted that on the Arness House a professional sign has been placed. Ford noted that it was a memorial. Gray advised that Roger Meeks and the Historical Society placed that sign. Pierce stated that sign was more professional than the signs the Rotary Club had put together. Pierce shared the sign they had brought and noted that the Rotary Club was interested in participating with labor and helping secure the materials. He noted that whatever invitation or request the Historic District Board gave to himself and Ford would be taken back to the Rotary to request the club's approval. Pierce noted he would like to see follow up and closure on this project during his term as president of Rotary. Ford noted that the original intention was to do signage for 12 houses but now are concentrating on 5. Pierce noted that five signs have been constructed. He noted that the Rotary has the medallions that go in the various corners of the sign and that a plague would be placed on the sign with the historical data engraved on it. Pierce stated that the Rotary would not be offended if the group elected not to use the signs; however, effort, labor, and time have been put into the signs. , Huhndorf stated that these signs were a beginning and the fact that it would be '~ a starting point for the project. Booth asked who would perform the engraving. Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 2 Pierce stated that it would be hired out and could possibly be done by Malstons. Noted that there were Rotary and Bicentennial Medallions for the signs. Pierce noted that the signs were five years old and had been moved through five Rotary president's garages. Ford stated that his wife, Mary, helped with the Rotary Bulletin and that they had put together two bulletins, one the Moose Meat John Cabin and the other for the Miller House. (Bulletins shared.) Ford stated that he felt that from the bulletins they may be able to get enough information for the plagues for those properties. Sylvia Elliott asked if the signs were to be put on the buildings. Ford responded they could be either placed on the buildings or on posts. Pierce noted that posts could be either cedar or metal and that he had offered in the past to secure some metal posts for the signs. He noted that he felt two cedar four by four posts would look nicely if a decision was made not to put them on the house. Gray noted that the treated wood posts were suggested by Mr. Sherman of Sherman Signs for a sign she had just purchased. Huhndorf asked what was intended to be placed in the center carved area of the sign. Pierce noted that was left for the plague to place the historical data. He noted that George and Mary Ford had been collecting that data and reporting it to the Rotary Club in the bulletin and that information would be compiled in a concise version and then engraved on a plague. Huhndorf asked if the date would be on the information on the sign. Pierce and Ford responded yes. Alan Boraas noted that people don't read a lot and suggested that the signs could be completed along with brochures such as various walking tours have done. He felt that would be very nice and by doing that the people could use the brochures and the signs could be identifying markers for various locations on the tour. Also noted that he felt posts would be better and could alleviate access problems to the houses. Pierce noted that he felt it would be up to the individual who is responsible for the residence. Boraas asked if the Rotary had the wood for the rest of the signs. Pierce noted that there were five signs made and that was the extent of the project. Pierce stated that Ford had noted there were 12 locations identified and 5 signs actually built. Ford noted the five being Helen Jones' House, Moose Meat Johns' House, the Louisa Miller House, and Alan Peterson House. ~Only four listed.) Dorothy Gray noted that she felt the sign fit the rustic character of the neighborhood. Booth agreed, Gray noted her only recommendation would be not to use plastic plagues instead something that would look more historic. Pierce stated he didn't see the cost as significant; however, Ford noted it is costly to cast the plagues. Gray noted Malstons charged per letter. Booth asked if plan was for engraving or brass castings. Consensus was for engraving. Pierce noted the area on the signs for the plague is 4.5" X 10" area. Discussion as to whether engraving would be readable and a group decision to obtain samples. Ford asked if anyone had seen engraving that had been outside and weathered. No one had and Gray suggested that it may be possible to seal the plagues to protect them from the weather. Boraas asked if Historic District Board September 26, 1995 Minutes Page 3 there was an estimate of the costs per sign. Ford noted that most of the materials were donated. He continued that the lumber was purchased by a ~ member, and another had done the routing. Out of pocket costs were minimal. Boraas asked what it would take to get the signs completed before Pierce's tenure was up. Money-wise? Pierce stated he felt it would take a commitment from a few individuals to work on the project and follow through. Commitment from both parties, the Historic District Board and the Rotary Club. Pierce stated he felt he could get the Rotary board to follow through with this project and agree to more signs and asked what the Historic Board was thinking as far as number of signs. Gray noted that at the last meeting 30 signs were mentioned. She continued that Sylvia Elliott and Donna Lane are working on 50 sites. Elliott noted that some of those were modern construction so they wouldn't apply. Pierce asked if the board would still be seeking funding to complete the project. Gray noted that the deadline for that grant had passed. However, she felt the city may be in favor of sharing the cost with the Rotary and that could be asked of council. Pierce asked if the board would be interested in getting back to the Rotary with whatever commitment the city will make and that he could take the information to his board and see what commitment the Rotary Club would be willing to make. Gray stated if engraving costs for a rough estimate of what would be placed on the signs, the cost per sign could be estimated, Pierce stated he would follow up on the costs of engraving and he would get back to the Historic District Board. Gray stated this would be a great project to work on over the winter and have the signs ready to place in the spring. Jack La Shot asked if Gray had stated the deadline had passed on the grant and that he had sent in the letter of intent before the deadline. The actual grant deadline is December 15th. Gray stated she thought the Mayor had said the grant had not been approved. La Shot stated it was approved under the condition that the board work with the Rotary and the Visitor's Center. La Shot noted it was on the bottom of the handout wherein the City Clerk had noted the council's direction. Pierce reiterated that he would research the cost and report back to the group. La Shot noted that he had used numbers that had been discussed before and had stated it would all be contracted out; however, that can be corrected on the grant application. Gray stated that each post would cost approximately $20.00. La Shot stated that volunteer labor may be used to make up the city's share of the grant. Pierce stated he sees the Rotary Club participating in that capacity. Gray stated the Rotary Club would be scheduled for the next meeting which is in a month. Gray asked if a motion was necessary and La Shot stated a motion for City Council would be helpful. La Shot continued stating he wasn't saying that council would pass the ordinance to appropriate the other funds but felt they may if the Board had did as they asked. Gray asked the deadline for the grant. La Shot stated December 15. Gray confirmed that the preliminary letter had been submitted. Gray stated to put the Rotary Signs and the Grant on the next meeting agenda. Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 4 Chairperson Gray asked if someone would like to make a motion to state the board's intent regarding the historical signs and to pursue the grant. Huhndorf voiced concerns regarding the choice of houses. Boraas asked if he was referring to a specific house. Huhndorf stated the five that were identified and not knowing the specific background on those house, and looking at Clare's pictures, he isn't sure. Gray stated those would just be the beginning of the project. Huhndorf clarified that this was a beginning but the need to clarify the original occupant. Gray stated she didn't feel they knew all the history and that information will be supplied from the survey. Huhndorf stated he was reticent to make a motion in consideration of that. Gray stated there needed to be a motion to discuss it. Huhndorf stated the need to verify the houses' history before the signs are placed. Discussion by group that that is the information being obtained by Sylvia Elliott and Preservation North. Huhndorf stated he is not against them going up; just against what information may be placed on the signs. Gray stated she felt that is what they want from the Historical Board. Boraas stated it was his understanding that they would provide the sign and that the Board would provide some of the data from the survey. Gray concurred. Huhndorf stated that as long as the origin of the historical information is sound that would be okay. Referring to the Miller House, that may have been the Miller House in 1960; however, was it always the Miller House. Huhndorf referred to editorial in the paper regarding the concept of Old Town and the connection of the Kenaitze Tribe. Gray asked the Board if they wanted to pursue the grant and work with Rotary. Huhndorf asked if that meant that information that they bring in will be placed on the sign or if the information placed will be verified. Gray stated the Board will authenticate the information. Huhndorf stated he is for the project but that the information that is placed on the signs needs to be authenticated. Gray stated that was what she felt Rotary was asking the group. Sylvia Elliott stated she had spoken with the Edelman's granddaughter who were in the Peterson House originally and one thing that they would like to see is their grandparents mentioned because the house is known as the Peterson House. Gray stated the original builders should be known. Huhndorf stated there will not be a lot of space for information. Boraas stated that is where a brochure would be nice. Discussion by group regarding walking tours and the benefits of the signs and brochures. HUHNDORF MOVED GIVEN HISTORICAL ACCURACY OF INFORMATION PLACED ON THE SIGNS TO PURSUE THE GRANT APPLICATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE R~TARY CLUB. MOTION SECONDED BY KIM BOOTH. PASSED BY UNANIMOUS CONSENT. b, Review of Sign Code--Gray stated that the Board had asked to review the sign code. Gray asked La Shot what the code was for Old Town. He responded commercial and industrial zones, Section E, Page 14-44 of the sign code. La Shot stated that the permitted signs would have the same requirements as any commercial or industrial zone in the city and that the Board may want to suggest a section of sign code for Old Town. Gray stated currently any sign can be put up that is commercial or industrial and the Board Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 5 recognized that in other historic districts that there are separate sign codes specific to the historic district. Gray stated her recommendation is that the Board take the code home, review it, and that it be discussed at the next meeting and perhaps propose a specific sign code for Old Town. Gray stated she felt there are things that she felt should not be permitted, neon signs, things that do not fit a historical character. Boraas asked if Gary Kings was in that area. Gray stated the cut off was right behind their building. La Shot noted that neon signs are prohibited anywhere in the city and drew the Board's attention to the prohibited sign section. Huhndorf asked if the sign at the church was in that district. Gray stated that section is not in the zone. La Shot suggested obtaining copies of other sign codes from other historic districts may be helpful. Elliott stated she believed there is a National Register of Historic Signage; however, not sure if it covers new signage. Elliott offered to check into that. Gray shared a sign code from Nantucket Island. Boraas stated he felt Juneau Would have a code. Gray stated Nantucket Island prohibited any free standing signs. La Shot noted in the current code, free standing signs are limited in size; signs mounted on walls are not regulated. Gray asked the group if they concurred with her recommendation to discuss it at the next meeting. Boraas asked if copies of Juneau and possibly Fairbanks codes could be obtained. Kim Booth asked if there was a specific historic district in Fairbanks stating that she would be in Fairbanks next week and could attempt to get information. Huhndorf suggested Skagway may have a code. Gray stated the board will continue to review the sign code at the next meeting. 7. OLD BUSINESS: a. Historic Preservation Grant--Discussed under new business. b. Historic Survey--Sylvia Elliott supplied a update report of the survey and gave an oral presentation. Two trips to Kenai, August and September. Interviewed property owners by phone and in person, looked at historic photographs, measured each property, and obtained some building information. Two people refused to let them measure their buildings. Elliott stated she had located several sources for historic photographs (Anchorage Daily News, Anchorage Library). She stated she has been working on the narrative for the historic context. Consulted with the CLG coordinator at SHPO and the archeologist. Donna Lane is constructing a site map, showing each of the buildings and their locations. The map that they had was out of date as a lot of the buildings are no longer there. Lane is making a chart showing owner name, year of construction, and type of property ~commercial, residential, multiple occupancy, etc.). Elliott stated there are a few gaps that she would like the city to help fill in. Lacking construction dates on most of the modern buildings and the list is noted on the update report. Most people have been helpful, shared photographs, etc. Elliott noted that they have encountered a fair number of people that were suspicious, wanting to know what they were doing and how the information was going to be used. Elliott's recommendation is to get a newspaper article printed which may help inform these people. She noted things are progressing on schedule. The HRS cards should be turned Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 6 into the city on October 24th. Have photographs and now just need to select those that will reproduce well. Lane working mainly on architectural ~ descriptions and Elliott is concentrating on the narrative. Boraas asked how the photographs were being obtained. Elliott stated that people have loaned them, color laser copying works well. The photos at the museum will need to be reprinted. Elliott stated they are trying to obtain photos that show the different periods, first construction up to current time. Huhndorf asked what the oldest photo is that they have obtained. Elliott responded 1916. Discussion on the age of the photo in the Visitor's Center. Boraas stated that was a National Archives photo dating from late 1800's. Gray asked if there was anything the Board could help with the survey. Elliott stated that obtaining the construction dates for those buildings. In adition, there may be further gaps in information in the future and stated they would like to be able to call for assistance. Boraas asked how many buildings were involved. Elliott stated the buildings have been separated in the district from some buffer properties. She stated that it would probably be a good idea to identify some of the historic buildings such as Kenai Joe's even though it is not in the district it is recognizable and written about very much. Buildings on the buffer zone will be discussed. Elliott stated there were approximately 45 to 50 buildings involved and of that number approximately one-third are non-historic. A lot of the historic buildings have been altered so much that they are not really recognizable as a historic structures. Boraas asked what recent meant. Elliott stated the 50 year old National Register criteria. Any structures that are found exceptional or significant and don't fit the 50 year criteria could be considered historic. As yet, none have been found. Huhndorf stated historic would be pre- 1945, pre World War II. Elliott responded that WW II structures are just now being researched because of the 50 year cut off date. Boraas asked if that was the national standard or just for Alaska. Elliott responded nationally. Discussion about the 50 year time line. Boraas asked if the people who would not let them measure gave any reasons. Elliott stated one didn't like the city in general and the other did not give a reason. Chairperson Gray identified Councilman Duane Bannock who had just joined the meeting and informed Bannock of the prior discussion and decision to work with Rotary. Discussion with Bannock regarding costs of signs, grant application, etc. c. Bunny Swan Sign--Chairperson Gray brought Board's attention to the memo from P&Z regarding hoods and the moose in the first panel. Huhndorf asked if that would be communicated via letter or memo. Huhndorf stated that Clare stated it would be okay to change to the present village of Kenai. Gray asked Councilman Bannock how the Board should proceed with the sign and how to approach City Council. Bannock clarified the sign and asked how the sign was to be paid for. Gray stated she thought that Bunny was going to design the sign but the printing may have to be done. Huhndorf stated he understood that the sign would be supplied and he wasn't sure who would do the printing. Gray asked if KIT would be willing to split the cost with the city. Huhndorf stated he Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 7 didn't feel they would. Gray stated the Board could ask if they would be willing. Huhndorf stated he believed they had talked about an approximate figure of $2000. Bannock stated that he and Councilman Smalley were mistaken that the grant was for this sign and that is when the confusion regarding the signs occurred. Bannock recommended that the Board supply the council with specific information regarding the sign such as where the sign would be placed, the cost, etc. and then the council will act on it. Bannock stated the council would want to know if there were any other sources of revenue for the sign. Gray stated this sign could be included in the Historic Preservation Grant and get matching funds for the cost of this sign. Gray asked if Bannock felt the council would like that idea and Bannock responded he felt that would be better accepted than asking the council to fund the entire sign. Jack La Shot stated he had estimated figures and used contractual services when he had completed the letter of intent; however, with the Rotary donating materials and time the city may be able to use that as part of the city's share of the grant. Bannock stated that would be a selling point to the council. Bannock stated that there was question about the grant being a reimbursable grant and that the city ma~ be able to be reimbursed. Bannock stated the letter implied the city may or may not be reimbursed. La Shot stated that he understood that the application needed to be submitted, grant approved, work completed, and then the city would be reimbursed. Bannock stated that Mr. Brown, Finance Director, had stated that was common for grants and that the letter was poorly worded. Discussion about grant being a reimbursable program. Gray read information from grant cover letter stating members may be reimbursed for cash expenditures thus city couldn't use in kind services as part of contribution. Gray stated the grant guidelines should be clarified. Gray asked Bannock if the Board should notify the city council that the intent is to include the Swan sign in the Historic Preservation Grant. Bannock stated that would be an excellent idea and that he felt several council members were behind the project. Gray asked if she should send a memo and Bannock stated to send a memo to council being as specific as possible. Include the following: 2 projects, brief outline regarding projects, cost of projects, and potential grant amount. Gray stated specific information may not be available until next month when the Rotary reports to the Board. Bannock clarified what information should be included in memo. Chairperson Gray stated she would type memo and fax it over for inclusion in packet. Gray asked Huhndorf to clarify price of board for the Swan sign. He responded he had heard $2000 and Gray stated that price would be used in the memo. Gray asked the Board where they felt the sign would be most effectively placed. Discussion by group regarding sign placement. Gray stated the Board will be meeting with other city groups this winter to map out a plan for the area. Consensus that it may be best if visible from parking and a short walk to the sign. Gray questioned how many signs the Board was planning to do with the Rotary. Elliott stated there would be approximately 20 to 24 needed. Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 8 d. Preservation Plan--Chairperson Gray stated that the Preservation Plan is consistently on the agenda. Her suggestion is that at each meeting one item of the twelve be considered and about five have already been completed. Discussion by group. Decision to review Item 1, Goals and Objectives, Mission Statement at the next meeting. e. Meeting Time--Chairperson Gray stated the group had planned to discuss whether the group would continue to meet at 6 p.m. or 7 p.m. Boraas stated 7 p.m, would be best for him. No preference by Clausen. Booth and Huhndorf prefer 6 p.m. but agreed the move to 7 p.m. would not be a problem. Gray asked Bannock if a council member would be assigned to the Board. Bannock responded there is a council member assigned; however, the 6 p.m. meeting time is inconvenient. Bannock stated 6 p.m. is difficult for members, Gray asked if Bannock would come if the meeting changed to 7 p.m. and he responded he would do his best to see someone attended the meetings. MIKE HUHNDORF MOVED THE HISTORIC DISTRICT BOARD MEET AT 7 P.M. MOTION SECONDED BY KIM BOOTH. MOTION PASSED BY UNANIMOUS CONSENT. 8. REPORTS: Chairperson Gray reported that Clausen and Huhndorf were going to Juneau using their own funds. Huhndorf will be going as KIT representative and Clausen belongs to the state Historical Society. Next meeting will hope for a report. 9. INFORMATION: a. Malanaphy Resignation--Chairperson Gray reported the Board had had the official resignation of Mr. Malanaphy. Gray stated she had been in contact with Malanaphy who stated he comes to Alaska once a month and he would be happy to assist the Board if the Board so desired. Gray stated the Board is short a member. Bannock stated the Historic District Board was different from other boards because members do not all have to be residents of the City of Kenai but the board has seats such as lawyer, archeologist, etc. Still must have four or five city residents. Bannock stated there are applications on file but they have not fit the need. Huhndorf stated Ron Jones had submitted an application. Requested that Kebschull check on Ron Jones application. b. National Trust for Historic Preservation c. National Register Bulletin Gray stated the above items in packet and the Board had looked into these grants in the past and that they are very specific. This grant is due February 1st. Gray stated a lot of the funding is for consultants, materials, printing, education. Very specific guidelines. Booth stated this may be an option for the preservation plan if there was a need to get something printed. Gray stated this may be a funding source for a walking tour pamphlet and asked Booth how Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 9 many could be used in a summer. Booth reported on the Visitor's Center visitations. The center is up over last year by 11,000 and the bulk of visitation occurs between May and September and a total easily at 50,000. Booth stated 68,000 visitations at the end of August. Booth stated that the center has sent letters to local schools advising the center's senrices. Discussion on how the count is taken. Huhndorf asked approximately how much money is donated each month. Booth explained that initially the center had placed a sign stating $1 donation were appreciated. Great response to this. Then, Booth stated they felt that if they didn't specify the dollar amount they may get more; however, donations dropped off. Booth stated the building cannot be funded by donations. 10. BOARD QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS: Booth asked that her packet be sent to her office at P.O. Box 1991, Kenai. Gray reviewed for next meeting which will be ~ctober 24th at 7 p.m. the Board will review the Rotary signs and the Shkituk' Village sign costs and the grant, review sign codes, and review Item 1 of the Preservation Plan. Gray asked if anything else should be included for the next meeting. Booth advised she will be out of town for the next meeting. Gray added that under Old Business that the Shkituk Village should be discussed and the Board should set a time for a planning session to meet with Planning & Zoning, Parks & Rec, and KIT to see how to deal with phase two. Elliott stated that she didn't know if she would make the next rneeting but the HRS ~Heritage Resource Sites) cards would be available. Huhndorf asked what the cards were and Elliott advised these were uniform cards that contained basic geographic information. 11. ADJOURNMENT: Meeting adjourned at approximately 7:44 p.m. Re ctf ~ Ily submitted: ;~. ~, ~~ ; Ma ilyn Kebschull Administrative Assistant C:~WPDOCSITSHBOARD\SEPT26.MIN Historic District Board September 26,1995 Minutes Page 10